Vascular biology
Abstract
Research Article
Authors
Christopher Heeschen, Michael Weis, Alexandra Aicher, Stefanie Dimmeler, John P. Cooke
Abstract
Research Article
Authors
Charles D. Loftin, Darshini B. Trivedi, Robert Langenbach
Abstract
Research Article
Authors
Masanori Ozaki, Seinosuke Kawashima, Tomoya Yamashita, Tetsuaki Hirase, Masayuki Namiki, Nobutaka Inoue, Ken-ichi Hirata, Hiroyuki Yasui, Hiromu Sakurai, Yuichi Yoshida, Masahiro Masada, Mitsuhiro Yokoyama
Abstract
Corrigendum
Authors
Qi Zhonghua, Chuan-Ming Hao, Robert I. Langenbach, Richard M. Breyer, Reyadh Redha, Jason D. Morrow, Matthew D. Breyer
Abstract
Research Article
Authors
Motoko Yanagita, Yoshikazu Ishimoto, Hidenori Arai, Kojiro Nagai, Tsuyoshi Ito, Toru Nakano, David J. Salant, Atsushi Fukatsu, Toshio Doi, Toru Kita
Abstract
Research Article
Authors
Lianchun Wang, Jillian R. Brown, Ajit Varki, Jeffrey D. Esko
Abstract
Research Article
Authors
Zhonghua Qi, Chuan-Ming Hao, Robert I. Langenbach, Richard M. Breyer, Reyadh Redha, Jason D. Morrow, Matthew D. Breyer
Abstract
Renin is an aspartyl protease essential for the control of blood pressure and was long suspected to have cellular receptors. We report the expression cloning of the human renin receptor complementary DNA encoding a 350–amino acid protein with a single transmembrane domain and no homology with any known membrane protein. Transfected cells stably expressing the receptor showed renin- and prorenin-specific binding. The binding of renin induced a fourfold increase of the catalytic efficiency of angiotensinogen conversion to angiotensin I and induced an intracellular signal with phosphorylation of serine and tyrosine residues associated to an activation of MAP kinases ERK1 and ERK2. High levels of the receptor mRNA are detected in the heart, brain, placenta, and lower levels in the kidney and liver. By confocal microscopy the receptor is localized in the mesangium of glomeruli and in the subendothelium of coronary and kidney artery, associated to smooth muscle cells and colocalized with renin. The renin receptor is the first described for an aspartyl protease. This discovery emphasizes the role of the cell surface in angiotensin II generation and opens new perspectives on the tissue renin-angiotensin system and on renin effects independent of angiotensin II.
Authors
Genevieve Nguyen, Françoise Delarue, Céline Burcklé, Latifa Bouzhir, Thomas Giller, Jean-Daniel Sraer
Abstract
Although hitherto considered as a strictly locally acting vasodilator, results from recent clinical studies with inhaled nitric oxide (NO) indicate that NO can exert effects beyond the pulmonary circulation. We therefore sought to investigate potential remote vascular effects of intra-arterially applied aqueous NO solution and to identify the mechanisms involved. On bolus application of NO into the brachial artery of 32 healthy volunteers, both diameter of the downstream radial artery and forearm blood flow increased in a dose-dependent manner. Maximum dilator responses were comparable to those after stimulation of endogenous NO formation with acetylcholine and bradykinin. Response kinetics and pattern of NO decomposition suggested that despite the presence of hemoglobin-containing erythrocytes, a significant portion of NO was transported in its unbound form. Infusion of NO (36 μmol/min) into the brachial artery increased levels of plasma nitroso species, nitrite, and nitrate in the draining antecubital vein (by < 2-fold, 30-fold, and 4-fold, respectively), indicative of oxidative and nitrosative chemistry. Infused N-oxides were inactive as vasodilators whereas S-nitrosoglutathione dilated conduit and resistance arteries. Our results suggest that NO can be transported in bioactive form for significant distances along the vascular bed. Both free NO and plasma nitroso species contribute to the dilation of the downstream vasculature.
Authors
Tienush Rassaf, Michael Preik, Petra Kleinbongard, Thomas Lauer, Christian Heiß, Bodo-Eckehard Strauer, Martin Feelisch, Malte Kelm
Abstract
Endothelial CD39 metabolizes ADP released from activated platelets. Recombinant soluble human CD39 (solCD39) potently inhibited ex vivo platelet aggregation in response to ADP and reduced cerebral infarct volumes in mice following transient middle cerebral artery occlusion, even when given 3 hours after stroke. Postischemic platelet and fibrin deposition were decreased and perfusion increased without increasing intracerebral hemorrhage. In contrast, aspirin did not increase postischemic blood flow or reduce infarction volume, but did increase intracerebral hemorrhage. Mice lacking the enzymatically active extracellular portion of the CD39 molecule were generated by replacement of exons 4–6 (apyrase-conserved regions 2–4) with a PGKneo cassette. Although CD39 mRNA 3′ of the neomycin cassette insertion site was detected, brains from these mice lacked both apyrase activity and CD39 immunoreactivity. Although their baseline phenotype, hematological profiles, and bleeding times were normal, cd39–/– mice exhibited increased cerebral infarct volumes and reduced postischemic perfusion. solCD39 reconstituted these mice, restoring postischemic cerebral perfusion and rescuing them from cerebral injury. These data demonstrate that CD39 exerts a protective thromboregulatory function in stroke.
Authors
David J. Pinsky, M. Johan Broekman, Jacques J. Peschon, Kim L. Stocking, Tomoyuki Fujita, Ravichandran Ramasamy, E. Sander Connolly Jr., Judy Huang, Szilard Kiss, Yuan Zhang, Tanvir F. Choudhri, Ryan A. McTaggart, Hui Liao, Joan H.F. Drosopoulos, Virginia L. Price, Aaron J. Marcus, Charles R. Maliszewski
Copyright © 2025 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)