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ResearchIn-Press PreviewHepatologyMetabolismMicrobiology Open Access | 10.1172/JCI184653

Panose prevents acute-on-chronic liver failure by reducing bacterial infection in mice

Jiaxin Li,1 Shihao Xie,1 Meiling Chen,1 Changze Hong,2 Yuqi Chen,1 Fengyuan Lyu,1 Niexin Tang,1 Tianqi Chen,1 Lingyan Zhao,1 Weihao Zou,3 Hongjuan Peng,3 Jingna Bao,4 Peng Gu,1 Bernd Schnabl,5 Jinjun Chen,2 and Peng Chen1

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Li, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Xie, S. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Chen, M. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Hong, C. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Chen, Y. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Chen, T. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Zhao, L. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Gu, P. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

Find articles by Chen, J. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Department of Pathophysiology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

2Department of Infectious Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

3Department of Pathogen Biology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

4Department of Critical Care Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China

5Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, United States of America

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Published June 6, 2025 - More info

J Clin Invest. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI184653.
Copyright © 2025, Li et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Published June 6, 2025 - Version history
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Abstract

Acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF) is a leading cause of global liver-related mortality. Bacterial infection, especially in patients with decompensated cirrhosis (DC), commonly triggers ACLF and is difficult to treat with antibiotics. Therefore, finding alternative strategies for preventing and managing bacterial infection is an urgent priority. Here, we observed that infected DC patients and ACLF mice exhibited lower fecal panose levels than uninfected controls. Megamonas funiformis (M. funiformis), with 4α-glucanosyltransferase (4αGT) as a key enzyme for panose production, was identified as a potential panose producer. Animal experiments demonstrated that panose efficiently reduced liver injury and extended survival in ACLF mice by mitigating bacterial infection. Further results revealed that panose enhanced resistance to bacterial infection by inhibiting oxidative stress-induced gut barrier disruption, thereby limiting bacterial dissemination. Mechanistically, panose interacted with the solute carrier family 7 member 11 (SLC7A11, also known as xCT) protein to boost antioxidant glutathione (GSH) levels in intestinal epithelial cells. These findings highlight panose's potential in preventing bacterial infection, offering a valuable insight into mitigating ACLF progression.

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