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Resting innate-like B cells leverage sustained Notch2/mTORC1 signaling to achieve rapid and mitosis-independent plasma cell differentiation
Brian T. Gaudette, … , Ivan Maillard, David Allman
Brian T. Gaudette, … , Ivan Maillard, David Allman
Published September 2, 2021
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2021;131(20):e151975. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI151975.
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Research Article Immunology

Resting innate-like B cells leverage sustained Notch2/mTORC1 signaling to achieve rapid and mitosis-independent plasma cell differentiation

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Abstract

Little is known about how cells regulate and integrate distinct biosynthetic pathways governing differentiation and cell division. For B lineage cells it is widely accepted that activated cells must complete several rounds of mitosis before yielding antibody-secreting plasma cells. However, we report that marginal zone (MZ) B cells, innate-like naive B cells known to generate plasma cells rapidly in response to blood-borne bacteria, generate functional plasma cells despite cell-cycle arrest. Further, short-term Notch2 blockade in vivo reversed division-independent differentiation potential and decreased transcript abundance for numerous mTORC1- and Myc-regulated genes. Myc loss compromised plasma cell differentiation for MZ B cells, and reciprocally induced ectopic mTORC1 signaling in follicular B cells enabled division-independent differentiation and plasma cell–affiliated gene expression. We conclude that ongoing in situ Notch2/mTORC1 signaling in MZ B cells establishes a unique cellular state that enables rapid division-independent plasma cell differentiation.

Authors

Brian T. Gaudette, Carly J. Roman, Trini A. Ochoa, Daniela Gómez Atria, Derek D. Jones, Christian W. Siebel, Ivan Maillard, David Allman

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Figure 1

Marginal zone B cells generate plasma cells without dividing.

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Marginal zone B cells generate plasma cells without dividing.
(A) Spleni...
(A) Splenic CTV-labeled MZ and follicular (FO) B cells were sort purified from B6.Blimp1GFP/+ mice and stimulated in culture with CpG + IL-4 and IL-5 with and without the indicated cell cycle inhibitors. Resulting cells were analyzed by flow cytometry after 48 or 72 hours as indicated. Summary data are individual values, mean ± SEM. ***Adjusted P < 0.001, 2-way ANOVA, Sidak test for multiple comparisons between cell types. (B) FO B cells stimulated as in A with titrated concentrations of aphidicolin were evaluated at 72 hours. Histogram overlay shows CTV dilution at each aphidicolin concentration and graph shows percentage of GFP+ cells as a function of all viable cells at each division number. Line shows mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001, compared with vehicle control using 2-way ANOVA Tukey test. (C) Cells prepared as in A were stimulated for 72 hours in culture with CpG plus IL-4 and IL-5 with or without PD0332991 or rapamycin. Graded numbers of cells from control cultures that had divided thrice, or undivided cells from cultures containing inhibitors were sorted and added to ELISpot plates. Summary data are individual values, mean ± SEM. **FDR q < 0.01, multiple t tests, 2-stage linear step-up procedure of Benjamini, Krieger and Yekutieli, with Q = 5%.

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ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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