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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI118110

The importance of a lipopolysaccharide-initiated, cytokine-mediated host defense mechanism in mice against extraintestinally invasive Escherichia coli.

A Cross, L Asher, M Seguin, L Yuan, N Kelly, C Hammack, J Sadoff, and P Gemski Jr

Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Department of Bacterial Diseases, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, Washington, DC 20307-5100, USA.

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Published August 1, 1995 - More info

Published in Volume 96, Issue 2 on August 1, 1995
J Clin Invest. 1995;96(2):676–686. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI118110.
© 1995 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published August 1, 1995 - Version history
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Abstract

Extraintestinally invasive Escherichia coli (EC) that possess both a complete LPS and K1 capsule evade both complement-mediated bacteriolysis and neutrophil-mediated killing. Since C3H/HeJ mice that are hyporesponsive to LPS were uniquely susceptible to lethal infection with EC of this phenotype, we speculated there was an LPS-initiated host defense mechanism against this pathogenic phenotype. The LPS-normoresponsive C3H/HeN as well as the C3H/HeJ mice cleared these EC from the circulation within 4 h of intravenous administration. Whereas electron micrographs of the liver demonstrated these EC undergoing degeneration within the phagolysosomes of of both macrophages and Kupffer cells of C3H/HeN mice, these EC replicated within these cells of the C3H/HeJ mice. Restoration of anti-EC activity of C3H/HeJ mice occurred with activation of Kupffer cells and peritoneal macrophages in vivo with BCG and in vitro with IFN-gamma, but not with LPS. Pretreatment of C3H/HeJ mice with a combination of recombinant murine IL-1 and TNF-alpha also restored the killing of K1(+)-EC but did not enhance the killing of a K1(-)-EC mutant. These data are consistent with the hypothesis that (a) there is no intrinsic inability of C3H/HeJ phagocytes to kill EC, but (b) an LPS-initiated, cytokine-mediated host defense mechanism is required for such killing. These studies emphasize the importance of bacterial surface characteristics in the interaction with specific host defenses.

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