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Secreted protein Del-1 regulates myelopoiesis in the hematopoietic stem cell niche
Ioannis Mitroulis, … , George Hajishengallis, Triantafyllos Chavakis
Ioannis Mitroulis, … , George Hajishengallis, Triantafyllos Chavakis
Published August 28, 2017
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2017;127(10):3624-3639. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI92571.
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Research Article Hematology Immunology

Secreted protein Del-1 regulates myelopoiesis in the hematopoietic stem cell niche

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Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) remain mostly quiescent under steady-state conditions but switch to a proliferative state following hematopoietic stress, e.g., bone marrow (BM) injury, transplantation, or systemic infection and inflammation. The homeostatic balance between quiescence, self-renewal, and differentiation of HSCs is strongly dependent on their interactions with cells that constitute a specialized microanatomical environment in the BM known as the HSC niche. Here, we identified the secreted extracellular matrix protein Del-1 as a component and regulator of the HSC niche. Specifically, we found that Del-1 was expressed by several cellular components of the HSC niche, including arteriolar endothelial cells, CXCL12-abundant reticular (CAR) cells, and cells of the osteoblastic lineage. Del-1 promoted critical functions of the HSC niche, as it regulated long-term HSC (LT-HSC) proliferation and differentiation toward the myeloid lineage. Del-1 deficiency in mice resulted in reduced LT-HSC proliferation and infringed preferentially upon myelopoiesis under both steady-state and stressful conditions, such as hematopoietic cell transplantation and G-CSF– or inflammation-induced stress myelopoiesis. Del-1–induced HSC proliferation and myeloid lineage commitment were mediated by β3 integrin on hematopoietic progenitors. This hitherto unknown Del-1 function in the HSC niche represents a juxtacrine homeostatic adaptation of the hematopoietic system in stress myelopoiesis.

Authors

Ioannis Mitroulis, Lan-Sun Chen, Rashim Pal Singh, Ioannis Kourtzelis, Matina Economopoulou, Tetsuhiro Kajikawa, Maria Troullinaki, Athanasios Ziogas, Klara Ruppova, Kavita Hosur, Tomoki Maekawa, Baomei Wang, Pallavi Subramanian, Torsten Tonn, Panayotis Verginis, Malte von Bonin, Manja Wobus, Martin Bornhäuser, Tatyana Grinenko, Marianna Di Scala, Andres Hidalgo, Ben Wielockx, George Hajishengallis, Triantafyllos Chavakis

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Figure 7

αvβ3 mediates the interaction of hematopoietic progenitors with Del-1.

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αvβ3 mediates the interaction of hematopoietic progenitors with Del-1.
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(A) Inhibition of LSK cell adhesion onto immobilized Del-1 by anti-CD61 (anti-β3) but not by anti-CD11a antibody or anti-CD49d antibody using a static adhesion assay (n = 3–4 independent experiments). Appropriate isotype control antibodies were used; cell adhesion in the presence of isotype controls was set as 1. (B and C) Expression of CD61 (β3 integrin) on hematopoietic progenitor cells was studied by flow cytometry. (B) Representative histograms and (C) median fluorescent intensity (MFI) are shown (n = 5). (D) Ccnd1 expression in LSK cells cultured for 3 hours on Fc-control protein, Del-1−Fc, or Del-1−Fc mutated in the RGD motif (Del-1[RGE]–Fc) (n = 5 independent experiments). Ccnd1 expression in LSK cells is shown relative to control (Fc-control protein [Fc-ctrl]). (E) Effect of ILK inhibition [ILK inh] in Del-1–dependent upregulation of Ccnd1 expression (n = 4 independent experiments). DMSO was used as control. Ccnd1 expression in LSK cells is shown relative to Del-1–Fc in the presence of DMSO. (F) Experimental design for the differentiation assay. LT-HSCs from mice were cultured with Del-1−Fc or Fc-control or Del-1[RGE]–Fc (500 ng/ml each) in cell suspension cultures, and analysis was performed after 7 days. (G) Representative images of the colonies, (H) representative flow cytometry plots, and (I) percentage of GMPs (n = 4 cultures). Scale bars: 200 μm. (J) LT-HSCs were cultured with Del-1−Fc in the presence of a β3 inhibitor or control peptide (25 μg/ml each) for 7 days, as described in F, and the percentage of GMPs was assessed by flow cytometry (n = 5 cultures). (K) Experimental design for the differentiation assay. LT-HSCs were cultured with Del-1−Fc or Fc-control (500 ng/ml each) for 48 hours, and (L) the percentage of MPPs was analyzed by flow cytometry (n = 5 cultures). (M) Accumulation of CFSE+ LSK cells in the BM of non-irradiated recipient Edil3–/– (n = 9) or Edil3+/+ mice (n = 11) 20 hours after adoptive transfer of CFSE-labeled Lin– cells from WT mice. Cell accumulation in the BM is expressed as the percentage of CFSE+ LSK in total LSK cells. (N) Accumulation of CFSE+ LSK cells in the BM of non-irradiated recipient Edil3+/+ mice at 20 hours after adoptive transfer of CFSE-labeled Lin– cells from WT mice pretreated with a β3 inhibitor (n = 6) or control peptide (n = 8 mice), as described in Methods. (O) Accumulation of CFSE+ LSK cells in the BM of non-irradiated recipient Edil3–/– mice at 20 hours after adoptive transfer of CFSE-labeled Lin– cells from WT mice pretreated with a β3 inhibitor or control peptide (n = 7 mice per group). Cell accumulation in the BM is shown as relative to control peptide (ctrl) in N and O. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. Student’s paired t test was used in A, J, and L. One-way ANOVA followed by Holm-Šidák’s multiple comparison test was used in D, E, and I. Mann-Whitney U test was used in M–O. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01.

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