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CCL17-expressing dendritic cells drive atherosclerosis by restraining regulatory T cell homeostasis in mice
Christian Weber, … , Tobias Junt, Alma Zernecke
Christian Weber, … , Tobias Junt, Alma Zernecke
Published June 1, 2011
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2011;121(7):2898-2910. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI44925.
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Research Article Cardiology

CCL17-expressing dendritic cells drive atherosclerosis by restraining regulatory T cell homeostasis in mice

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Abstract

Immune mechanisms are known to control the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. However, the exact role of DCs, which are essential for priming of immune responses, remains elusive. We have shown here that the DC-derived chemokine CCL17 is present in advanced human and mouse atherosclerosis and that CCL17+ DCs accumulate in atherosclerotic lesions. In atherosclerosis-prone mice, Ccl17 deficiency entailed a reduction of atherosclerosis, which was dependent on Tregs. Expression of CCL17 by DCs limited the expansion of Tregs by restricting their maintenance and precipitated atherosclerosis in a mechanism conferred by T cells. Conversely, a blocking antibody specific for CCL17 expanded Tregs and reduced atheroprogression. Our data identify DC-derived CCL17 as a central regulator of Treg homeostasis, implicate DCs and their effector functions in atherogenesis, and suggest that CCL17 might be a target for vascular therapy.

Authors

Christian Weber, Svenja Meiler, Yvonne Döring, Miriam Koch, Maik Drechsler, Remco T.A. Megens, Zuzanna Rowinska, Kiril Bidzhekov, Caroline Fecher, Eliana Ribechini, Marc A.M.J. van Zandvoort, Christoph J. Binder, Ivett Jelinek, Mihail Hristov, Louis Boon, Steffen Jung, Thomas Korn, Manfred B. Lutz, Irmgard Förster, Martin Zenke, Thomas Hieronymus, Tobias Junt, Alma Zernecke

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Figure 4

CCL17 controls the maintenance of Tregs.

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CCL17 controls the maintenance of Tregs.
(A) CFSE-labeled CD4+CD25– T ce...
(A) CFSE-labeled CD4+CD25– T cells were transferred into Ccl17+/+ or Ccl17E/E mice, and frequencies of CFSE+Foxp3+ Tregs and CFSE+CD4+ cells among T cells in LNs were analyzed by flow cytometry after 10 days. Representative dot plots and percentages within gates are shown (n = 10 per group). (B) Sorted unpulsed or OVA-2–pulsed EGFP– or EGFP+Ccl17E/+ or Ccl17E/E BMDCs were incubated with OT-II T cells in vitro (n = 5 independent experiments). T cell proliferation was quantified by CSFE dilution and FACS analysis after 3 days. OT-II T cells were back-sorted, and Foxp3 mRNA expression was analyzed by real-time PCR. Frequencies of apoptotic annexin V+ cells were quantified by FACS analysis. *P < 0.05 versus unpulsed; #P < 0.05 versus OVA-pulsed EGFP+Ccl17E/+ BMDCs. Phosphorylation of Stat5 (pStat5) was assessed by flow cytometry; representative histograms are shown. Fluorescence-minus-one measurements served as control. (C) OVA-2–pulsed Ccl17+/+ or Ccl17E/E BMDCs were incubated with OT-II Tregs (n = 3 independent experiments). Frequencies of Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ and of annexin V+ Tregs among Foxp3+CD25+CD4+ Tregs were quantified by FACS analysis after 3 days; representative dot plots and percentage of Foxp3+CD25+ Tregs among CD4+ T cells within gates are shown. *P < 0.05 versus Ccl17+/+ BMDCs. pStat5 was assessed by flow cytometry in Tregs; representative histograms are shown. (D) FACS analysis of annexin V+CD4+Foxp3+ Tregs in LNs of Ccl17+/+ and Ccl17E/E mice. Data points represent frequencies of cells in individual mice; horizontal bars denote mean of all mice. *P < 0.05.

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