Usage Information

PI3K integrates the action of insulin and leptin on hypothalamic neurons
Allison Wanting Xu, Christopher B. Kaelin, Kiyoshi Takeda, Shizuo Akira, Michael W. Schwartz, Gregory S. Barsh
Allison Wanting Xu, Christopher B. Kaelin, Kiyoshi Takeda, Shizuo Akira, Michael W. Schwartz, Gregory S. Barsh
View: Text | PDF
Article Metabolism

PI3K integrates the action of insulin and leptin on hypothalamic neurons

Abstract

Central control of energy balance depends on the ability of proopiomelanocortin (POMC) or agouti-related protein (Agrp) hypothalamic neurons to sense and respond to changes in peripheral energy stores. Leptin and insulin have been implicated as circulating indicators of adiposity, but it is not clear how changes in their levels are perceived or integrated by individual neuronal subtypes. We developed mice in which a fluorescent reporter for PI3K activity is targeted to either Agrp or POMC neurons and used 2-photon microscopy to measure dynamic regulation of PI3K by insulin and leptin in brain slices. We show that leptin and insulin act in parallel to stimulate PI3K in POMC neurons but in opposite ways on Agrp neurons. These results suggest a new view of hypothalamic circuitry, in which the effects of leptin and insulin are integrated by anorexigenic but not by orexigenic neurons.

Authors

Allison Wanting Xu, Christopher B. Kaelin, Kiyoshi Takeda, Shizuo Akira, Michael W. Schwartz, Gregory S. Barsh

×

Usage data is cumulative from June 2025 through June 2026.

Usage JCI PMC
Text version 1,438 89
PDF 236 20
Figure 474 11
Table 101 0
Supplemental data 96 0
Citation downloads 175 0
Totals 2,520 120
Total Views 2,640
(Click and drag on plot area to zoom in. Click legend items above to toggle)

Usage information is collected from two different sources: this site (JCI) and Pubmed Central (PMC). JCI information (compiled daily) shows human readership based on methods we employ to screen out robotic usage. PMC information (aggregated monthly) is also similarly screened of robotic usage.

Various methods are used to distinguish robotic usage. For example, Google automatically scans articles to add to its search index and identifies itself as robotic; other services might not clearly identify themselves as robotic, or they are new or unknown as robotic. Because this activity can be misinterpreted as human readership, data may be re-processed periodically to reflect an improved understanding of robotic activity. Because of these factors, readers should consider usage information illustrative but subject to change.

Advertisement