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ResearchIn-Press PreviewInflammationMetabolism Open Access | 10.1172/JCI207089

Palmitic acid coordinates impaired visceral adipose ICOShi Treg-mediated immunosuppression and systemic metabolic disturbance during obesity

Weitong Su,1 Yuxiao Liu,1 Xi Yan,1 Mengyao Huang,1 Linghao Xu,2 Jing Lin,1 Xufeng Chen,1 Puyuan Hu,1 Chenlin Gao,2 Jian Wen,3 Hongdong Wang,4 Dong Ding,1 Zengpeng Zheng,1 Wenjing Li,1 Lianjia Li,1 Zhan Liu,1 Keyu Qian,1 Jing Gao,1 Tingting Zhang,1 Xiaobing Mao,2 Haibing Zhang,1 Wei Lu,1 Bin Li,5 Hong Li,1 Aoyuan Cui,1 Yan Bi,4 Chunxiang Zhang,6 and Yu Li1

1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

Find articles by Su, W. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

Find articles by Liu, Y. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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1Shanghai Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China

2Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Metabolic Vascular Disease Key , The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

3Department of General Surgery (Hepatobiliary Surgery), Biliary-Pancreatic Center, The Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

4Department of Endocrinology, Endocrine and Metabolic Disease Medical Center, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China

5Department of Immunology and Microbiology, Shanghai Institute of Immunology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China

6Metabolic Vascular Disease Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Key Laboratory of Medical Electrophysiology, Ministry of Education, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China

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Published July 23, 2026 - More info

J Clin Invest. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI207089.
Copyright © 2026, Su et al. This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.
Published July 23, 2026 - Version history
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Abstract

Regulatory T (Treg) cells in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) play essential roles in systemic metabolic homeostasis under distinct physiological and pathological conditions. However, the metabolic cues that drive Treg cell subset specialization in the obese VAT niche remain elusive. Here, we demonstrated that palmitic acid instigated chronic VAT inflammation and systemic metabolic disturbance by compromising the immunosuppressive function of the ICOShi Treg subset. Palmitic acid, but not oleic acid, activated Crebzf expression in VAT Treg cells from HFHS diet-induced obese and ob/ob mice. Crebzf deficiency significantly attenuated diet-induced obesity and inflammation by upregulating the suppressive function of VAT ICOShi Treg cells. Moreover, adoptive transfer of Crebzf-deficient ICOShi Treg cells into Rag1-/- mice alleviated HFHS diet-induced inflammation and metabolic disorders more effectively than transfer of Crebzf-sufficient ICOShi Treg cells. Mechanistically, CREBZF interacted with c-JUN to inhibit Foxp3 activity, thereby impairing the stability and inhibitory cytokine production of ICOShi Treg cells. In human subjects, CREBZF levels in VAT Treg cells were elevated and negatively correlated with FOXP3 activity. Collectively, these findings uncover a specific ICOShi Treg subset that responds to palmitic acid, thereby coupling obesogenic signals to VAT remodeling and systemic metabolic homeostasis.

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