(A–C) Serum LBP as indicated. (n = 5–8 in A, n = 5 in B, and n = 10 in C). (D) Liver H&E, Masson’s trichrome and Sirius red staining (arrows indicate inflammatory cells). (E) Quantification of inflammatory cells and fibrosis. (F) Liver lipidomics heatmap. (G and H) RT-qPCR from liver. (I) Liver IHC, scale bar: 100 μm. (J) Serum ALT/AST. (n = 8–9 in E–J). (K and L) UMAP plot and population annotation of snRNA-seq from liver. (M) Representative genes from the Immune 2 cluster. (N) RNA-Seq from human liver. (O) Correlation between circulating LBP and serum IL15RA in human MASH cohort. Data represent mean ± SEM. P value calculated by unpaired 2-tailed t-test (B, C, and E); 1-way ANOVA (A, I, J, and N); and 2-way ANOVA (G and H). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ****P < 0.0001.