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Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor stimulation increases blood pressure and heart rate and activates autonomic regulatory neurons
Hiroshi Yamamoto, … , Daniel J. Drucker, Joel K. Elmquist
Hiroshi Yamamoto, … , Daniel J. Drucker, Joel K. Elmquist
Published July 1, 2002
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2002;110(1):43-52. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI15595.
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Article Aging

Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor stimulation increases blood pressure and heart rate and activates autonomic regulatory neurons

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Abstract

Research Article

Authors

Hiroshi Yamamoto, Charlotte E. Lee, Jacob N. Marcus, Todd D. Williams, J. Michael Overton, Marisol E. Lopez, Anthony N. Hollenberg, Laurie Baggio, Clifford B. Saper, Daniel J. Drucker, Joel K. Elmquist

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Figure 5

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EXN-4 activates medullary catecholamine neurons projecting to the spinal...
EXN-4 activates medullary catecholamine neurons projecting to the spinal cord. (a–c) Double-label immunohistochemistry demonstrates that neurons that innervate sympathetic preganglionic neurons (brown cytoplasm) also contain i.c.v. EXN-4–induced Fos-IR (black nuclei) in (a) the PVH, (b) the Arc/RCA, and (c) the LHA of the hypothalamus. (d–f) Higher-magnification view of the boxed areas in a–c, respectively. (g–i) Double-label immunohistochemistry demonstrates that TH-immunoreactive neurons (brown cytoplasm) also contain i.c.v. EXN-4–induced Fos-IR (black nuclei) in (g) the NTS, (h) the LC, and (i) the CVLM. (j–l) Higher-magnification view of the boxed areas in g–i, respectively. (m–p) Triple-label immunohistochemistry reveals that many medullary catecholamine neurons (red cytoplasm in m and o) that project to the IML in the spinal cord (green neurons in n and p) also contain i.c.v. EXN-4–induced Fos-IR (black nuclei) in the RVLM (m and n) and the A5 (o and p). Scale bar = 100 μm in a–c and g–i, 25 μm in d–f and j–l, and 50 μm in m–p.
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