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Concerted roles of PTEN and ATM in controlling hematopoietic stem cell fitness and dormancy
Jerome Fortin, … , Vuk Stambolic, Tak W. Mak
Jerome Fortin, … , Vuk Stambolic, Tak W. Mak
Published January 14, 2021
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2021;131(5):e131698. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI131698.
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Research Article Hematology

Concerted roles of PTEN and ATM in controlling hematopoietic stem cell fitness and dormancy

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Abstract

In order to sustain proficient life-long hematopoiesis, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) must possess robust mechanisms to preserve their quiescence and genome integrity. DNA-damaging stress can perturb HSC homeostasis by affecting their survival, self-renewal, and differentiation. Ablation of the kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a master regulator of the DNA damage response, impairs HSC fitness. Paradoxically, we show here that loss of a single allele of Atm enhances HSC functionality in mice. To explain this observation, we explored a possible link between ATM and the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which also regulates HSC function. We generated and analyzed a knockin mouse line (PtenS398A/S398A), in which PTEN cannot be phosphorylated by ATM. Similar to Atm+/–, PtenS398A/S398A HSCs have enhanced hematopoietic reconstitution ability, accompanied by resistance to apoptosis induced by genotoxic stress. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses and functional assays revealed that dormant PtenS398A/S398A HSCs aberrantly tolerate elevated mitochondrial activity and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which are normally associated with HSC priming for self-renewal or differentiation. Our results unveil a molecular connection between ATM and PTEN, which couples the response to genotoxic stress and dormancy in HSCs.

Authors

Jerome Fortin, Christian Bassi, Parameswaran Ramachandran, Wanda Y. Li, Ruxiao Tian, Ida Zarrabi, Graham Hill, Bryan E. Snow, Jillian Haight, Chantal Tobin, Kelsey Hodgson, Andrew Wakeham, Vuk Stambolic, Tak W. Mak

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Figure 8

Normalization of the competitive fitness of PtenS398A/S398A HSCs by antioxidant treatment.

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Normalization of the competitive fitness of PtenS398A/S398A HSCs by anti...
(A) Relative frequency of hematopoietic colonies formed by Pten+/+ and PtenS398A/S398A bone marrow cells in M3434 methylcellulose medium supplemented or not with 1 mM N-acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) or 1 μM buthionine sulfoximine (BSO). n = 6 mice per genotype. Significance symbols indicate differences in the total number of colonies. CFU-GM, granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming unit; BFU-E, burst-forming unit, erythroid; CFU-GEMM, granulocyte/erythrocyte/monocyte/megakaryocyte colony-forming unit. (B) Proportion of lineage-negative (Lin–), cKit-positive cells, assessed by flow cytometry, in methylcellulose colonies from the experiments shown in panel A. Each symbol represents a culture from an individual animal. (C) Diagram of the experimental strategy to evaluate the effect of NAC treatment on competitive hematopoietic reconstitution by Pten+/+ and PtenS398A/S398A bone marrow cells. (D) Proportion of circulating total blood cells, B220+ cells, CD3+ cells, and CD11b+ cells expressing the CD45.2 marker in the peripheral blood of lethally irradiated mice transplanted as depicted in panel C. Transplanted cells were pooled from 3 donor animals per genotype; “n” indicates the number of transplanted mice. Statistical analyses indicate differences at 20 weeks. (E) Flow cytometry plots depicting dihydrorhodamine (DHR) fluorescence in Lin–cKit+Sca1+CD48–CD150+PROCR+ cells expressing CD45.1 (wild-type) or CD45.2 (Pten+/+ or PtenS398A/S398A) isolated at 20 weeks after transplant. (F) Quantification of the data shown in panel E, expressed as a ratio of the DHR fluorescence in CD45.2+ cells over CD45.1+ cells within each animal. Each symbol represents an individual mouse. (G) Quantification of MitoTracker Green fluorescence in Lin–cKit+Sca1+CD48–CD150+PROCR+ cells isolated at 20 weeks after transplant, expressed as a ratio of the signal intensity in CD45.2+ cells over CD45.1+ cells within each animal. Each symbol represents an individual mouse. In all panels, mean and SEM are shown. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; assessed by 1-way ANOVA (B, F, and G) or 2-way ANOVA (A and D) with Tukey’s multiple-comparison test.

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