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Concerted roles of PTEN and ATM in controlling hematopoietic stem cell fitness and dormancy
Jerome Fortin, … , Vuk Stambolic, Tak W. Mak
Jerome Fortin, … , Vuk Stambolic, Tak W. Mak
Published January 14, 2021
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2021;131(5):e131698. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI131698.
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Research Article Hematology

Concerted roles of PTEN and ATM in controlling hematopoietic stem cell fitness and dormancy

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Abstract

In order to sustain proficient life-long hematopoiesis, hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) must possess robust mechanisms to preserve their quiescence and genome integrity. DNA-damaging stress can perturb HSC homeostasis by affecting their survival, self-renewal, and differentiation. Ablation of the kinase ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM), a master regulator of the DNA damage response, impairs HSC fitness. Paradoxically, we show here that loss of a single allele of Atm enhances HSC functionality in mice. To explain this observation, we explored a possible link between ATM and the tumor suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), which also regulates HSC function. We generated and analyzed a knockin mouse line (PtenS398A/S398A), in which PTEN cannot be phosphorylated by ATM. Similar to Atm+/–, PtenS398A/S398A HSCs have enhanced hematopoietic reconstitution ability, accompanied by resistance to apoptosis induced by genotoxic stress. Single-cell transcriptomic analyses and functional assays revealed that dormant PtenS398A/S398A HSCs aberrantly tolerate elevated mitochondrial activity and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species, which are normally associated with HSC priming for self-renewal or differentiation. Our results unveil a molecular connection between ATM and PTEN, which couples the response to genotoxic stress and dormancy in HSCs.

Authors

Jerome Fortin, Christian Bassi, Parameswaran Ramachandran, Wanda Y. Li, Ruxiao Tian, Ida Zarrabi, Graham Hill, Bryan E. Snow, Jillian Haight, Chantal Tobin, Kelsey Hodgson, Andrew Wakeham, Vuk Stambolic, Tak W. Mak

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Figure 2

Enhanced competitive fitness of PtenS398A/S398A hematopoietic cells.

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Enhanced competitive fitness of PtenS398A/S398A hematopoietic cells.
(A)...
(A) Schematic of the strategy for generating the PtenS398A allele, showing the Pten gene with numbered exons (top), the targeting vector (middle), and the recombined locus after excision of the selection cassette (bottom). (B) Western blot, probed with the indicated antibodies, of lysates from Lin– bone marrow cells from Pten+/+ and PtenS398A/S398A (SA/SA) mice, stimulated or not for 15 minutes with 50 ng/mL SCF. The same membrane was simultaneously probed with 4 antibodies using 2 LI-COR fluorescence channels (channel 1: AKT, PTEN; channel 2: pAKT [S473], TUBULIN). See complete unedited blots in the supplemental material. (C) Immunofluorescence microscopy images of cultured HSCs sorted from Pten+/+ and PtenS398A/S398A mice, exposed or not to 1 Gy irradiation 4 hours prior to cell fixation. Scale bar: 5 μm. WGA, wheat germ agglutinin. (D) Flow cytometry plots depicting the gating strategy to identify the indicated cell populations in Pten+/+ (top) and PtenS398A/S398A (bottom) mice. The parent populations are indicated on top of the plots, and the antibodies used are indicated on the axes. Right: Quantification of the indicated cell populations in Pten+/+ and PtenS398A/S398A littermates. Each symbol represents an individual mouse. (E) Diagram representing the experimental setup, and plots showing the proportion of circulating total blood cells, B220+ cells, CD3+ cells, CD11b+ cells, and Gr1+ cells expressing the CD45.2 marker in the peripheral blood of lethally irradiated mice transplanted with Pten+/+ or PtenS398A/S398A CD45.2+ bone marrow cells mixed 1:1 with wild-type CD45.1+ competitors. Data are combined from 2 independent experiments in which transplanted cells were pooled from 3 donor animals per genotype; “n” indicates the number of transplanted mice. In all panels, mean and SEM are shown. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; assessed by unpaired t test (D) or 2-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple-comparison test (E).

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