Go to JCI Insight
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Alerts
  • Advertising/recruitment
  • Subscribe
  • Contact
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • By specialty
    • Cardiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Metabolism
    • Nephrology
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Pulmonology
    • Vascular biology
    • All...
  • Videos
    • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
    • Author's Takes
  • Reviews
    • View all reviews...
    • Mechanisms Underlying the Metabolic Syndrome (Oct 2019)
    • Reparative Immunology (Jul 2019)
    • Allergy (Apr 2019)
    • Biology of familial cancer predisposition syndromes (Feb 2019)
    • Mitochondrial dysfunction in disease (Aug 2018)
    • Lipid mediators of disease (Jul 2018)
    • Cellular senescence in human disease (Apr 2018)
    • View all review series...
  • Collections
    • Recently published
    • In-Press Preview
    • Commentaries
    • Concise Communication
    • Editorials
    • Viewpoint
    • Scientific Show Stoppers
    • Top read articles
  • Clinical Medicine
  • JCI This Month
    • Current issue
    • Past issues

  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • By specialty
  • Subscribe
  • Alerts
  • Advertise
  • Contact
  • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
  • Author's Takes
  • Recently published
  • Brief Reports
  • Technical Advances
  • Commentaries
  • Editorials
  • Hindsight
  • Review series
  • Reviews
  • The Attending Physician
  • First Author Perspectives
  • Scientific Show Stoppers
  • Top read articles
  • Concise Communication

Review Series 10.1172/JCI124619

Epigenetic reprogramming of immune cells in injury, repair, and resolution

Katarzyna Placek,1 Joachim L. Schultze,2,3 and Anna C. Aschenbrenner3

1Immunology and Metabolism, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

2Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

3Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Address correspondence to: Katarzyna Placek, Joachim L. Schultze, or Anna C. Aschenbrenner, LIMES Institut, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Phone: 49.228.73.62742; Email: kplacek@uni-bonn.de (KP). Phone: 49.228.73.62787; Email: j.schultze@uni-bonn.de (JLS). Phone: 49.228.73.62792; Email: a.aschenbrenner@uni-bonn.de (ACA).

Authorship note: All authors contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Placek, K. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Immunology and Metabolism, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

2Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

3Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Address correspondence to: Katarzyna Placek, Joachim L. Schultze, or Anna C. Aschenbrenner, LIMES Institut, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Phone: 49.228.73.62742; Email: kplacek@uni-bonn.de (KP). Phone: 49.228.73.62787; Email: j.schultze@uni-bonn.de (JLS). Phone: 49.228.73.62792; Email: a.aschenbrenner@uni-bonn.de (ACA).

Authorship note: All authors contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Schultze, J. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar

1Immunology and Metabolism, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

2Platform for Single Cell Genomics and Epigenomics at the German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases and the University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

3Genomics and Immunoregulation, LIMES Institute, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.

Address correspondence to: Katarzyna Placek, Joachim L. Schultze, or Anna C. Aschenbrenner, LIMES Institut, Carl-Troll-Straße 31, 53115 Bonn, Germany. Phone: 49.228.73.62742; Email: kplacek@uni-bonn.de (KP). Phone: 49.228.73.62787; Email: j.schultze@uni-bonn.de (JLS). Phone: 49.228.73.62792; Email: a.aschenbrenner@uni-bonn.de (ACA).

Authorship note: All authors contributed equally to this work.

Find articles by Aschenbrenner, A. in: JCI | PubMed | Google Scholar |

First published July 22, 2019 - More info

Published in Volume 129, Issue 8 on August 1, 2019
J Clin Invest. 2019;129(8):2994–3005. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI124619.
© 2019 American Society for Clinical Investigation
First published July 22, 2019 - Version history

Immune cells are pivotal in the reaction to injury, whereupon, under ideal conditions, repair and resolution phases restore homeostasis following initial acute inflammation. Immune cell activation and reprogramming require transcriptional changes that can only be initiated if epigenetic alterations occur. Recently, accelerated deciphering of epigenetic mechanisms has extended knowledge of epigenetic regulation, including long-distance chromatin remodeling, DNA methylation, posttranslational histone modifications, and involvement of small and long noncoding RNAs. Epigenetic changes have been linked to aspects of immune cell development, activation, and differentiation. Furthermore, genome-wide epigenetic landscapes have been established for some immune cells, including tissue-resident macrophages, and blood-derived cells including T cells. The epigenetic mechanisms underlying developmental steps from hematopoietic stem cells to fully differentiated immune cells led to development of epigenetic technologies and insights into general rules of epigenetic regulation. Compared with more advanced research areas, epigenetic reprogramming of immune cells in injury remains in its infancy. While the early epigenetic mechanisms supporting activation of the immune response to injury have been studied, less is known about resolution and repair phases and cell type–specific changes. We review prominent recent findings concerning injury-mediated epigenetic reprogramming, particularly in stroke and myocardial infarction. Lastly, we illustrate how single-cell technologies will be crucial to understanding epigenetic reprogramming in the complex sequential processes following injury.

Preview pages

Reset
Page preview
2995 Page 2994 Back

Continue reading with a subscription.

A subscription is required for you to read this article in full. If you are a subscriber, you may sign in to continue reading.

Already subscribed?

Click here to sign into your account.

Don't have a subscription?

Please select one of the subscription options, which includes a low-cost option just for this article.

At an institution or library?

If you are at an institution or library and believe you should have access, please check with your librarian or administrator (more information).

Problems?

Please try these troubleshooting tips.

  • Purchase this article
  • $10
  • Purchasing this article will give you full access for the calendar year.
  • Purchase article
  • Purchase Site Pass
  • $25
  • This will give you access to every article on the site for 24 hours.
  • Order site pass
  • Online subscription
  • $95
  • Individual online subscriptions give you full online access for the calendar year.
  • Individual online subscriptions ordered from September 1st on will receive access for the remainder of current year as well as for the full following year subscription term.
  • Order Online
  • Print subscription
  • $830
  • Individual print subscriptions give you the print journal and full online access for the year.
  • Print + Online
  • JCI This Month subscription
  • $125
  • JCI This Month is a 16- to 20-page overview of the articles published each month
  • Subscribing to JCI This Month also gives subscribers full online access for the calendar year.
  • *Price outside U.S. and Canada: $225.
  • JCI This Month + Online
Advertisement
Follow JCI:
Copyright © 2019 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

Sign up for email alerts