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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI107220

Chemotherapy of Experimental Streptococcal Endocarditis. I. COMPARISON OF COMMONLY RECOMMENDED PROPHYLACTIC REGIMENS

David T. Durack and Robert G. Petersdorf

Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Radcliffe Infirmary Oxford, England

Find articles by Durack, D. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine, Radcliffe Infirmary Oxford, England

Find articles by Petersdorf, R. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Published March 1, 1973 - More info

Published in Volume 52, Issue 3 on March 1, 1973
J Clin Invest. 1973;52(3):592–598. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI107220.
© 1973 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published March 1, 1973 - Version history
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Abstract

The effectiveness of various antibiotics commonly recommended for the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis has been evaluated in experimental streptococcal endocarditis in rabbits. High doses of penicillin G did not prevent the development of this infection. The only consistently successful prophylactic regimens using penicillin alone were those which provided for both an early high serum level and more than 9 h of effective antimicrobial action. Vancomycin was the only other drug which proved uniformly successful when given alone, even though the duration of its antimicrobial action in the blood was only 3 h. However, combined therapy using penicillin G or ampicillin with streptomycin was always effective in prophylaxis. Treatment with single injections of ampicillin, cephaloridine, cephalexin, clindamycin, cotrimoxazole, rifampicin, streptomycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline failed to prevent infection.

The findings provide information on the effect of antimicrobials in vivo and may be applicable to the chemoprophylaxis of infective endocarditis in clinical practice.

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