Go to JCI Insight
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Publication ethics
  • Publication alerts by email
  • Advertising
  • Job board
  • Contact
  • Clinical Research and Public Health
  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • By specialty
    • COVID-19
    • Cardiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Metabolism
    • Nephrology
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Pulmonology
    • Vascular biology
    • All ...
  • Videos
    • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
    • Video Abstracts
  • Reviews
    • View all reviews ...
    • Complement Biology and Therapeutics (May 2025)
    • Evolving insights into MASLD and MASH pathogenesis and treatment (Apr 2025)
    • Microbiome in Health and Disease (Feb 2025)
    • Substance Use Disorders (Oct 2024)
    • Clonal Hematopoiesis (Oct 2024)
    • Sex Differences in Medicine (Sep 2024)
    • Vascular Malformations (Apr 2024)
    • View all review series ...
  • Viewpoint
  • Collections
    • In-Press Preview
    • Clinical Research and Public Health
    • Research Letters
    • Letters to the Editor
    • Editorials
    • Commentaries
    • Editor's notes
    • Reviews
    • Viewpoints
    • 100th anniversary
    • Top read articles

  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • Specialties
  • Reviews
  • Review series
  • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
  • Video Abstracts
  • In-Press Preview
  • Clinical Research and Public Health
  • Research Letters
  • Letters to the Editor
  • Editorials
  • Commentaries
  • Editor's notes
  • Reviews
  • Viewpoints
  • 100th anniversary
  • Top read articles
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Publication ethics
  • Publication alerts by email
  • Advertising
  • Job board
  • Contact
Characterization of pandemic influenza immune memory signature after vaccination or infection
Olivia Bonduelle, … , Brigitte Autran, Behazine Combadiere
Olivia Bonduelle, … , Brigitte Autran, Behazine Combadiere
Published June 9, 2014
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2014;124(7):3129-3136. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI74565.
View: Text | PDF
Research Article Immunology

Characterization of pandemic influenza immune memory signature after vaccination or infection

  • Text
  • PDF
Abstract

The magnitude, quality, and maintenance of immunological memory after infection or vaccination must be considered for future design of effective influenza vaccines. In 2009, the influenza pandemic produced disease that ranged from mild to severe, even fatal, illness in infected healthy adults and led to vaccination of a portion of the population with the adjuvanted, inactivated influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 vaccine. Here, we have proposed a multiparameter quantitative and qualitative approach to comparing adaptive immune memory to influenza 1 year after mild or severe infection or vaccination. One year after antigen encounter, severely ill subjects maintained high levels of humoral and polyfunctional effector/memory CD4+ T cells responses, while mildly ill and vaccinated subjects retained strong cellular immunity, as indicated by high levels of mucosal homing and degranulation markers on IFN-γ+ antigen-specific T cells. A principal component analysis distinguished 3 distinct clusters of individuals. The first group comprised vaccinated and mildly ill subjects, while clusters 2 and 3 included mainly infected individuals. Each cluster had immune memory profiles that differed in magnitude and quality. These data provide evidence that there are substantial similarities between the antiinfluenza response that mildly ill and vaccinated individuals develop and that this immune memory signature is different from that seen in severely ill individuals.

Authors

Olivia Bonduelle, Fabrice Carrat, Charles-Edouard Luyt, Catherine Leport, Anne Mosnier, Nora Benhabiles, Anne Krivine, Flore Rozenberg, Nora Yahia, Assia Samri, Dominique Rousset, Sylvie van der Werf, Brigitte Autran, Behazine Combadiere

×

Figure 1

Differential intensity of long-term immune response between vaccinated and infected subjects.

Options: View larger image (or click on image) Download as PowerPoint
Differential intensity of long-term immune response between vaccinated a...
A box-and-whiskers plot with the 10th to 90th percentiles is presented for each parameter. One year after the antigen encounter, we evaluated influenza-specific immune responses: (A) hemagglutination inhibition titers (HI titers) (HI titers ≥ 1/40: vaccination: 26/48 [54.17%]; mild: 23/48 [47.92%]; severe: 10/13 [76.92%]) and (B) serum avidity assay in 48 vaccinated subjects (white), 48 mildly ill subjects (orange), and 13 severely ill subjects (blue). The graph’s y axis is in log10 scale. (C and D) Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus–specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cells were measured by secreted cytokines (Boolean gates for IFN-γ, IL-2, and/or TNF-α) in 30 vaccinated, 32 mildly ill, and 13 severely ill subjects. The graph’s y axis is in log10 scale. (E and F) Expression of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus–specific CD107a on CD4+ and CD8+ T cells was evaluated in samples from 30 vaccinated, 32 mildly ill, and 13 severely ill subjects; (G and H) double CD49a- and CD49d-positive markers were evaluated on IFN-γ+CD4+ (G) and IFN-γ+CD8+ (H) T cells in samples from 20 vaccinated, 26 mildly ill, and 11 severely ill subjects. Statistical analyses were performed with the Mann Whitney U test; statistical significance is indicated. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01. (I) Radar charts compare influenza virus–specific immune compartments of vaccinated (black), mildly ill (orange) and severely ill (blue) groups. The values on the axis represent the mean of each parameter derived from the upper and lower 95% CIs of the mean of each assay for all tested subjects. vac, vaccinated volunteers, mild, patients with mild to moderate A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic virus influenza infection; severe, patients with severe A(H1N1)pdm09 pandemic virus influenza infection.

Copyright © 2025 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

Sign up for email alerts