Lumbar disc degeneration (LDD) is associated with both genetic and environmental factors and affects many people worldwide. A hallmark of LDD is loss of proteoglycan and water content in the nucleus pulposus of intervertebral discs. While some genetic determinants have been reported, the etiology of LDD is largely unknown. Here we report the findings from linkage and association studies on a total of 32,642 subjects consisting of 4,043 LDD cases and 28,599 control subjects. We identified carbohydrate sulfotransferase 3 (
You-Qiang Song, Tatsuki Karasugi, Kenneth M.C. Cheung, Kazuhiro Chiba, Daniel W.H. Ho, Atsushi Miyake, Patrick Y.P. Kao, Kit Ling Sze, Anita Yee, Atsushi Takahashi, Yoshiharu Kawaguchi, Yasuo Mikami, Morio Matsumoto, Daisuke Togawa, Masahiro Kanayama, Dongquan Shi, Jin Dai, Qing Jiang, Chengai Wu, Wei Tian, Na Wang, John C.Y. Leong, Keith D.K. Luk, Shea-ping Yip, Stacey S. Cherny, Junwen Wang, Stefan Mundlos, Anthi Kelempisioti, Pasi J. Eskola, Minna Männikkö, Pirkka Mäkelä, Jaro Karppinen, Marjo-Riitta Järvelin, Paul F. O’Reilly, Michiaki Kubo, Tomoatsu Kimura, Toshikazu Kubo, Yoshiaki Toyama, Hiroshi Mizuta, Kathryn S.E. Cheah, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda, Pak-Chung Sham, Shiro Ikegawa, Danny Chan
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