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Memory T cells established by seasonal human influenza A infection cross-react with avian influenza A (H5N1) in healthy individuals
Laurel Yong-Hwa Lee, Do Lien Anh Ha, Cameron Simmons, Menno D. de Jong, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Reto Schumacher, Yan Chun Peng, Andrew J. McMichael, Jeremy J. Farrar, Geoffrey L. Smith, Alain R.M. Townsend, Brigitte A. Askonas, Sarah Rowland-Jones, and Tao Dong
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First published November 1, 2012 - More info
J Clin Invest. 2012;122(11):4301–4301. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI66865.
© 2012 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
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Abstract
The threat of avian influenza A (H5N1) infection in humans remains a global health concern. Current influenza vaccines stimulate antibody responses against the surface glycoproteins but are ineffective against strains that have undergone significant antigenic variation. An alternative approach is to stimulate pre-existing memory T cells established by seasonal human influenza A infection that could cross-react with H5N1 by targeting highly conserved internal proteins. To determine how common cross-reactive T cells are, we performed a comprehensive ex vivo analysis of cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cell responses to overlapping peptides spanning the full proteome of influenza A/Viet Nam/CL26/2005 (H5N1) and influenza A/New York/232/2004 (H3N2) in healthy individuals from the United Kingdom and Viet Nam. Memory CD4+ and CD8+ T cells isolated from the majority of participants exhibited human influenza–specific responses and showed cross-recognition of at least one H5N1 internal protein. Participant CD4+ and CD8+ T cells recognized multiple synthesized influenza peptides, including peptides from the H5N1 strain. Matrix protein 1 (M1) and nucleoprotein (NP) were the immunodominant targets of cross-recognition. In addition, cross-reactive CD4+ and CD8+ T cells recognized target cells infected with recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing either H5N1 M1 or NP. Thus, vaccine formulas inducing heterosubtypic T cell–mediated immunity may confer broad protection against avian and human influenza A viruses.
Authors
Laurel Yong-Hwa Lee, Do Lien Anh Ha, Cameron Simmons, Menno D. de Jong, Nguyen Van Vinh Chau, Reto Schumacher, Yan Chun Peng, Andrew J. McMichael, Jeremy J. Farrar, Geoffrey L. Smith, Alain R.M. Townsend, Brigitte A. Askonas, Sarah Rowland-Jones, Tao Dong
Original citation: J. Clin. Invest. 2008;118(10):3478–3490. doi:10.1172/JCI32460.
Citation for this clarification: J. Clin. Invest. 2012;122(11):4301. doi:10.1172/JCI66865.
A concern was raised that the Vietnamese healthy volunteers examined in the study did not provide written consent. Subsequent investigation has revealed that for these healthy volunteers, only oral and not written consent was obtained; however, this practice was consistent with regulations at the time. The authors mistakenly cited approval by the Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee (OxTREC) for this study. Current regulations by Oxford University now stipulate that all human studies obtain institutional approval, and the regulations now require written consent (http://www.admin.ox.ac.uk/researchsupport/ctrg/furtherinfo/).
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