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Probiotic/prebiotic supplementation of antiretrovirals improves gastrointestinal immunity in SIV-infected macaques
Nichole R. Klatt, … , Jacob D. Estes, Jason M. Brenchley
Nichole R. Klatt, … , Jacob D. Estes, Jason M. Brenchley
Published January 16, 2013
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2013;123(2):903-907. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI66227.
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Brief Report

Probiotic/prebiotic supplementation of antiretrovirals improves gastrointestinal immunity in SIV-infected macaques

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Abstract

HIV infection results in gastrointestinal (GI) tract damage, microbial translocation, and immune activation, which are not completely ameliorated with suppression of viremia by antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Furthermore, increased morbidity and mortality of ARV-treated HIV-infected individuals is associated with these dysfunctions. Thus, to enhance GI tract physiology, we treated SIV-infected pigtail macaques with ARVs, probiotics, and prebiotics or with ARVs alone. This synbiotic treatment resulted in increased frequency and functionality of GI tract APCs, enhanced reconstitution and functionality of CD4+ T cells, and reduced fibrosis of lymphoid follicles in the colon. Thus, ARV synbiotic supplementation in HIV-infected individuals may improve GI tract immunity and thereby mitigate inflammatory sequelae, ultimately improving prognosis.

Authors

Nichole R. Klatt, Lauren A. Canary, Xiaoyong Sun, Carol L. Vinton, Nicholas T. Funderburg, David R. Morcock, Mariam Quiñones, Clayton B. Deming, Molly Perkins, Daria J. Hazuda, Michael D. Miller, Michael M. Lederman, Julie A. Segre, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Elias K. Haddad, Jacob D. Estes, Jason M. Brenchley

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Figure 3

PP treatment reduces fibrosis and is associated with increased CD4+ T cells.

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PP treatment reduces fibrosis and is associated with increased CD4+ T ce...
(A and B) Representative immunohistochemical staining of fibronectin in colonic isolated lymphoid follicles (ILF). Original magnification, ×250. (A) Animals treated with ARV+PP. (B) Animals treated with ARV alone. (C) Percentage area of fibronectin in colon ILF by quantitative image analysis. (D) The fraction of colon fibronectin versus colonic CD4+ T cell percentages. Circles, ARV+PP-treated PTM with suppressed viremia; square, ARV+PP-treated slow responder PTM; triangles, ARV-alone–treated PTM. All data analyzed from necropsy samples (∼day 315 after SIV). Horizontal bars represent median; diagonal lines represent linear regression.

Copyright © 2022 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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