Go to JCI Insight
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Alerts
  • Advertising/recruitment
  • Subscribe
  • Contact
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • By specialty
    • COVID-19
    • Cardiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Metabolism
    • Nephrology
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Pulmonology
    • Vascular biology
    • All ...
  • Videos
    • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
    • Author's Takes
  • Reviews
    • View all reviews ...
    • 100th Anniversary of Insulin's Discovery (Jan 2021)
    • Hypoxia-inducible factors in disease pathophysiology and therapeutics (Oct 2020)
    • Latency in Infectious Disease (Jul 2020)
    • Immunotherapy in Hematological Cancers (Apr 2020)
    • Big Data's Future in Medicine (Feb 2020)
    • Mechanisms Underlying the Metabolic Syndrome (Oct 2019)
    • Reparative Immunology (Jul 2019)
    • View all review series ...
  • Viewpoint
  • Collections
    • Recently published
    • In-Press Preview
    • Commentaries
    • Concise Communication
    • Editorials
    • Viewpoint
    • Top read articles
  • Clinical Medicine
  • JCI This Month
    • Current issue
    • Past issues

  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • Specialties
  • Reviews
  • Review series
  • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
  • Author's Takes
  • Recently published
  • In-Press Preview
  • Commentaries
  • Concise Communication
  • Editorials
  • Viewpoint
  • Top read articles
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Alerts
  • Advertising/recruitment
  • Subscribe
  • Contact
Probiotic/prebiotic supplementation of antiretrovirals improves gastrointestinal immunity in SIV-infected macaques
Nichole R. Klatt, … , Jacob D. Estes, Jason M. Brenchley
Nichole R. Klatt, … , Jacob D. Estes, Jason M. Brenchley
Published January 16, 2013
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2013;123(2):903-907. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI66227.
View: Text | PDF
Brief Report

Probiotic/prebiotic supplementation of antiretrovirals improves gastrointestinal immunity in SIV-infected macaques

  • Text
  • PDF
Abstract

HIV infection results in gastrointestinal (GI) tract damage, microbial translocation, and immune activation, which are not completely ameliorated with suppression of viremia by antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Furthermore, increased morbidity and mortality of ARV-treated HIV-infected individuals is associated with these dysfunctions. Thus, to enhance GI tract physiology, we treated SIV-infected pigtail macaques with ARVs, probiotics, and prebiotics or with ARVs alone. This synbiotic treatment resulted in increased frequency and functionality of GI tract APCs, enhanced reconstitution and functionality of CD4+ T cells, and reduced fibrosis of lymphoid follicles in the colon. Thus, ARV synbiotic supplementation in HIV-infected individuals may improve GI tract immunity and thereby mitigate inflammatory sequelae, ultimately improving prognosis.

Authors

Nichole R. Klatt, Lauren A. Canary, Xiaoyong Sun, Carol L. Vinton, Nicholas T. Funderburg, David R. Morcock, Mariam Quiñones, Clayton B. Deming, Molly Perkins, Daria J. Hazuda, Michael D. Miller, Michael M. Lederman, Julie A. Segre, Jeffrey D. Lifson, Elias K. Haddad, Jacob D. Estes, Jason M. Brenchley

×

Figure 1

PP-treated animals have increased expression of APC-related genes.

Options: View larger image (or click on image) Download as PowerPoint
PP-treated animals have increased expression of APC-related genes.
(A) T...
(A) Top 200 genes based on P value for contrast between RNA extractions from colonic CD45+ leukocytes from animals treated with ARV alone (left) and animals treated with ARV+PP (right). The complete linkage method was used for hierarchical cluster analysis. Rows, normalized expression value for single genes; columns, each sample; red, upregulated; blue, downregulated gene expression based on Z-score (see legend below). (B) Fold change of selected upregulated genes in colonic leukocytes in animals treated with ARV+PP (top) or ARV alone (bottom). P values are indicated over each bar. (C) Frequency of HLA-DR+CD45+, live APCs in the colon. (D) MFI of HLA-DR on live CD45+ APCs. (E) Percentages of live, HLA-DR+CD45+ APCs in the colon producing IL-23 after mitogenic stimulation. Circles, ARV+PP-treated PTM with suppressed viremia; squares, ARV+PP-treated slow responder PTM; triangles, ARV-alone–treated PTM. Horizontal bars represent median. All data analyzed from necropsy samples (∼day 315 after SIV).
Follow JCI:
Copyright © 2021 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

Sign up for email alerts