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Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus domination of intestinal microbiota is enabled by antibiotic treatment in mice and precedes bloodstream invasion in humans
Carles Ubeda, … , Mini Kamboj, Eric G. Pamer
Carles Ubeda, … , Mini Kamboj, Eric G. Pamer
Published November 22, 2010
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2010;120(12):4332-4341. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI43918.
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Research Article

Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus domination of intestinal microbiota is enabled by antibiotic treatment in mice and precedes bloodstream invasion in humans

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Abstract

Bloodstream infection by highly antibiotic-resistant bacteria, such as vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE), is a growing clinical problem that increasingly defies medical intervention. Identifying patients at high risk for bacterial sepsis remains an important clinical challenge. Recent studies have shown that antibiotics can alter microbial diversity in the intestine. Here, we characterized these effects using 16s rDNA pyrosequencing and demonstrated that antibiotic treatment of mice enabled exogenously administered VRE to efficiently and nearly completely displace the normal microbiota of the small and large intestine. In the clinical setting, we found that intestinal domination by VRE preceded bloodstream infection in patients undergoing allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. Our results demonstrate that antibiotics perturb the normal commensal microbiota and set the stage for intestinal domination by bacteria associated with hospital-acquired infections. Thus, high-throughput DNA sequencing of the intestinal microbiota could identify patients at high risk of developing bacterial sepsis.

Authors

Carles Ubeda, Ying Taur, Robert R. Jenq, Michele J. Equinda, Tammy Son, Miriam Samstein, Agnes Viale, Nicholas D. Socci, Marcel R.M. van den Brink, Mini Kamboj, Eric G. Pamer

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Figure 4

Antibiotic treatment promotes intestinal colonization by Clostridium, Enterococcus, and Enterobacteriaceae.

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Antibiotic treatment promotes intestinal colonization by Clostridium, En...
Heatmap showing the frequencies of 16s rDNA sequences classified as Clostridium, Enterococcus, or Enterobacteriaceae in the small (A) or large (B) intestine of untreated mice or mice allowed to recover for 2 weeks after ampicillin, vancomycin, or MNV treatment. Colors in key indicate the frequency of each group of bacteria in each sample. Each row represents an individual mouse.

Copyright © 2023 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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