Bipolar disorder: from genes to behavior pathways
Keri Martinowich, … , Robert J. Schloesser, Husseini K. Manji
Keri Martinowich, … , Robert J. Schloesser, Husseini K. Manji
Published April 1, 2009
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2009;119(4):726-736. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI37703.
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Bipolar disorder: from genes to behavior pathways

Abstract

Bipolar disorder (BPD) is a devastating illness that is characterized by recurrent episodes of mania and depression. In addition to these cyclic episodes, individuals with BPD exhibit changes in psychovegetative function, cognitive performance, and general health and well being. In this article we draw from neuroimaging findings in humans, postmortem data, and human genetic and pharmacological studies as well as data from animal models of behavior to discuss the neurobiology of BPD. We conclude with a synthesis of where the field stands and with suggestions and strategies for future areas of study to further increase our conceptual understanding of this complex illness.

Authors

Keri Martinowich, Robert J. Schloesser, Husseini K. Manji

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Figure 2

Schematic of neuroanatomical regions implicated in affective processes.

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Schematic of neuroanatomical regions implicated in affective processes. ...
Neuroimaging studies, observations from patients with selective CNS lesions, as well as data from animal behavioral studies have implicated several regions throughout the brain in the control of mood states and emotions. These regions are located throughout the limbic, striatal, and frontal regions. Adapted with permission from Neuropsychopharmacology (24).