(A–D) BM-derived DCs from WT mice were expanded in in vitro culture with GM-CSF in the presence or absence of LPS. After culture, immature (CD11c⁺CD11b⁺CD86^–, purity of more than 98%) (A, C, and D) and mature (CD11c⁺CD11b⁺CD86^high, purity of more than 98%) (B) myeloid DCs were purified by FACS sorting. We directly injected 3 × 10⁵ cells into the ileocecal junction of young αμIL4TKO (A and B), αIL4DKO (C), and αμDKO (D) mice (9 weeks of age). Recipient mice were sacrificed 3 weeks after injection. (E) Results of these local cell transfer experiments are summarized. Frequencies of granuloma induction are indicated on the bottom line. Red star indicates the tissues in which granuloma formation was induced. (F) BM-derived DCs from GFP transgenic mice were expanded in culture with GM-CSF in vitro. After culture, CD11c⁺ cells were purified through the MACS system. We injected 3 × 10⁵ cells directly into the ileocecal junction of αμIL4TKO mice, and recipient mice were sacrificed 3 weeks after injection. Cells were isolated from the ileocecal junction and subjected to flow cytometric analysis. Top panel shows F4/80 expression on gated GFP⁺CD11c⁺ cells before cell injection (blue line) and from the recipient ileocecal junction (red line). F4/80 versus CD11c expression on gated GFP⁺ cells among the cells isolated from the recipient ileocecal junction is shown (bottom panel). Data are representative of 2 individual experiments.