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Primitive hematopoietic cells resist HIV-1 infection via p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1
Jielin Zhang, … , David T. Scadden, Clyde S. Crumpacker
Jielin Zhang, … , David T. Scadden, Clyde S. Crumpacker
Published February 1, 2007
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2007;117(2):473-481. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI28971.
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Research Article

Primitive hematopoietic cells resist HIV-1 infection via p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1

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Abstract

Hematopoietic stem cells are resistant to HIV-1 infection. Here, we report a novel mechanism by which the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) p21Waf1/Cip1/Sdi1 (p21), a known regulator of stem cell pool size, restricts HIV-1 infection of primitive hematopoietic cells. Modifying p21 expression altered HIV-1 infection prior to changes in cell cycling and was selective for p21 since silencing the related CKIs, p27Kip1 and p18INK4C, had no effect on HIV-1. We show that p21 blocked viral infection by complexing with HIV-1 integrase and aborting chromosomal integration. A closely related lentivirus with a distinct integrase, SIVmac-251, and the other cell-intrinsic inhibitors of HIV-1, Trim5α, PML, Murr1, and IFN-α, were unaffected by p21. Therefore, p21 is an endogenous cellular component in stem cells that provides a unique molecular barrier to HIV-1 infection and may explain how these cells remain an uninfected “sanctuary” in HIV disease.

Authors

Jielin Zhang, David T. Scadden, Clyde S. Crumpacker

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Figure 5

p21 restricted HIV-1 infection before cell cycling.

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p21 restricted HIV-1 infection before cell cycling.
(A) Cell cycle statu...
(A) Cell cycle status of CD34+ primary cells at 42 hours after siRNA treatment. Cells treated with p21 siRNA and control siRNAs were examined by Hoechst (DNA dye) and PY (RNA dye) staining. Cell cycle status was examined at both 10 hours (not shown) and 42 hours after siRNA treatment. No significant changes in the cell cycle status were observed at both time points among CD34+ primary cells that were treated with p21 siRNA or control siRNA or those that were mock treated. (B) Cell cycle status of CMK cells at 42 hours after siRNA treatment. No significant changes were observed in the cell cycle status in megakaryoblasts treated with p21 siRNA (Si-1, Si-2), control siRNA, p21 shRNA, or vector only or those that were mock treated. (C and D) Cell cycle status determined by BrdU incorporation assay. (C) Cell cycle status of CD34+ primary cells was examined at both 10 hours (not shown) and 42 hours after siRNA treatment. No significant changes were observed between cells treated with p21 siRNA and cells treated with control siRNA. Cells incorporating BrdU (UL + UR) consisted of 23.75% and 23.72% p21 siRNA– or control siRNA–treated cells, respectively. (D) Mean values of cells incorporating BrdU in each condition from 4 independent assays are shown.

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