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PTEN inhibits IL-2 receptor–mediated expansion of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs
Patrick T. Walsh, … , Wayne W. Hancock, Laurence A. Turka
Patrick T. Walsh, … , Wayne W. Hancock, Laurence A. Turka
Published September 1, 2006
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2006;116(9):2521-2531. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI28057.
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Research Article Immunology

PTEN inhibits IL-2 receptor–mediated expansion of CD4+ CD25+ Tregs

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Abstract

One of the greatest barriers against harnessing the potential of CD4+CD25+ Tregs as a cellular immunotherapy is their hypoproliferative phenotype. We have previously shown that the hypoproliferative response of Tregs to IL-2 is associated with defective downstream PI3K signaling. Here, we demonstrate that targeted deletion of the lipid phosphatase PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) regulates the peripheral homeostasis of Tregs in vivo and allows their expansion ex vivo in response to IL-2 alone. PTEN deficiency does not adversely affect either the thymic development or the function of Tregs, which retain their ability to suppress responder T cells in vitro and prevent colitis in vivo. Conversely, reexpression of PTEN in PTEN-deficient Tregs as well as in activated CD4+ T cells inhibits IL-2–dependent proliferation, confirming PTEN as a negative regulator of IL-2 receptor signaling. These data demonstrate that PTEN regulates the “anergic” response of Tregs to IL-2 in vitro and Treg homeostasis in vivo and indicate that inhibition of PTEN activity may facilitate the expansion of these cells for potential use in cellular immunotherapy.

Authors

Patrick T. Walsh, Jodi L. Buckler, Jidong Zhang, Andrew E. Gelman, Nicole M. Dalton, Devon K. Taylor, Steven J. Bensinger, Wayne W. Hancock, Laurence A. Turka

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Figure 3

Proliferation of PTEN-ΔT CD4+ CD25+ CD45RBlo Tregs in response to IL-2R stimulation.

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                  Proliferation of PTEN-ΔT CD4+
                  CD25+...
(A) Purified CD4+CD25+CD45RBlo and CD4+CD25+CD45RBhi cells from both wild-type and PTEN-ΔT mice were cultured at a constant density of 1 × 105/well in the presence of rIL-2 (100 U/ml) for a 2-week period. At the indicated time points, total cell numbers were quantitated by trypan blue exclusion. Only PTEN-ΔT CD4+CD25+CD45RBlo cells exhibited a significant increase in cell number with all other cell types showing overlapping live cell numbers over the examination period. Data are representative of 5 different experiments. (B) Purified CD4+CD25+CD45RBlo cells from wild-type, PTEN-het (HET), and PTEN-ΔT mice were cultured in the presence of rIL-2 (100 U/ml) for 48 hours. Tritiated thymidine was added to cultures for the final 16 hours before harvesting. (C) PTEN-ΔT CD4+CD25+CD45RBlo cells were CFSE labeled and cultured in the presence of rIL-2 (100 U/ml) for 10 days. CFSE dilution was analyzed at the indicated time points by FACS analysis. Results are representative of 4 separate experiments. FSC, forward scatter. (D) Purified wild-type and PTEN-ΔT CD4+CD25+CD45RBlo cells and preactivated CD4+ T cell blasts were stimulated with titrated doses of rIL-2 as shown for 72 hours. Tritiated thymidine was added to cultures for the final 16 hours before harvesting. (E) CD4+ T cells were isolated from ER-Cre+/Ptenflox/flox mice and lysed immediately or after culture in the presence of rIL-2 (100 U/ml) and 4-OHT (1 nM). Samples were electrophoresed on an SDS-PAGE gel, transferred to nitrocellulose membranes, and probed as indicated. Purified CD4+ T cells from a littermate control mouse were used as a positive control (+ve ctrl) for PTEN expression. (F) Purified ER-Cre+/Ptenflox/flox CD4+CD25+ Tregs were CFSE labeled and cultured in the presence of rIL-2 (100 U/ml) and 4-OHT (1 nM) for 7 days. CFSE dilution was analyzed by FACS. Results are representative of 3 independent experiments. Data shown represent mean ± SD of triplicate samples.

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