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Prevention of type 1 diabetes by gene therapy
Chaorui Tian, Jessamyn Bagley, Nathalie Cretin, Nilufer Seth, Kai W. Wucherpfennig, John Iacomini
Chaorui Tian, Jessamyn Bagley, Nathalie Cretin, Nilufer Seth, Kai W. Wucherpfennig, John Iacomini
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Article Metabolism

Prevention of type 1 diabetes by gene therapy

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Abstract

The autoimmune disease type 1 diabetes in humans and NOD mice is determined by multiple genetic factors, among the strongest of which is the inheritance of diabetes-permissive MHC class II alleles associated with susceptibility to disease. Here we examined whether expression of MHC class II alleles associated with resistance to disease could be used to prevent the occurrence of diabetes. Expression of diabetes-resistant MHC class II I-Aβ chain molecules in NOD mice following retroviral transduction of autologous bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells prevented the development of autoreactive T cells by intrathymic deletion and protected the mice from the development of insulitis and diabetes. These data suggest that type 1 diabetes could be prevented in individuals expressing MHC alleles associated with susceptibility to disease by restoration of protective MHC class II expression through genetic engineering of hematopoietic stem cells.

Authors

Chaorui Tian, Jessamyn Bagley, Nathalie Cretin, Nilufer Seth, Kai W. Wucherpfennig, John Iacomini

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Figure 8

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Central deletion of autoreactive T cells is mediated by retrovirally enc...
Central deletion of autoreactive T cells is mediated by retrovirally encoded MHC class II β chain. Eleven weeks after bone marrow transplantation, NOD mice reconstituted with either MMP-IAβ-d-GFP_ or control MMP-GFP_transduced bone marrow were sacrificed, and single-cell thymocyte suspensions were prepared. Single-cell suspensions were also prepared from naive age-matched NOD and BALB/c control mice. Thymocytes were stained with anti-CD4 and anti-CD8 antibodies, annexin V, and I-Ag7 tetramers loaded with either the control CLIP peptide or BDC-15 peptide, and analyzed by flow cytometry. (A) Single-positive CD4 T cells from mice reconstituted with bone marrow transduced with MMP-IAβ-d-GFP do not bind I-Ag7/BDC-15 tetramers. Cells were gated on live annexin V_CD4+CD8_ single-positive CD4 T cells. The percentage of these cells that bound to I-Ag7/CLIP (top row) and I-Ag7/BDC-15 tetramers (bottom row) is shown in the upper right quadrant. Shown is 1 representative experiment of 3. (B) Specific deletion of I-Ag7/BDC-15_binding T cells in mice reconstituted with bone marrow transduced with MMP-IAβ-d-GFP. Shown is expression of CD4 and CD8 after gating on I-Ag7/BDC-15 tetramer+, annexin V_ (live) cells. The total number of CD4+ single-positive T cells that bound the I-Ag7/BDC-15 tetramer was calculated by multiplication of the frequency of these cells by the total number of thymocytes recovered and is shown in the upper left quadrant. The total number of CD4+CD8+ double-positive thymocytes that bound the I-Ag7/BDC-15 tetramer was calculated similarly and is shown in the upper right quadrant. One representative experiment of 3 is shown.

Copyright © 2026 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

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