Three potential models for Mahoganoid biological effects: Mahoganoid may decrease signaling through MC1R or MC3R/MC4R by increasing expression or activity of an inverse agonist of MC1R or MC3R/MC4R; influencing the physical proximity or binding of ASP and AgRP to their receptors by influencing binding of ATRN to ASP; and decreasing the availability of α-MSH to its receptors through sequestration or turnover of α-MSH.