Working model for flagellin-induced stimulation of inflammatory diarrhea by S. Typhimurium. Schematic shows monolayer of intestinal epithelial cells with an adherent S. Typhimurium. Flagellin is translocated by an undetermined mechanism (depicted in red) to the basolateral surface, where it interacts with putative receptors (R) that trigger IL-8 production (depicted in dark green) and basolateral recruitment of PMNs. S. Typhimurium has recently been reported to stimulate production of an apical chemoattractant (depicted in light green) that aids in PMN transmigration to the luminal surface, where these leukocytes trigger fluid secretion (pathway depicted in blue).