Go to JCI Insight
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Alerts
  • Advertising/recruitment
  • Subscribe
  • Contact
  • Current Issue
  • Past Issues
  • By specialty
    • COVID-19
    • Cardiology
    • Gastroenterology
    • Immunology
    • Metabolism
    • Nephrology
    • Neuroscience
    • Oncology
    • Pulmonology
    • Vascular biology
    • All ...
  • Videos
    • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
    • Author's Takes
  • Reviews
    • View all reviews ...
    • 100th Anniversary of Insulin's Discovery (Jan 2021)
    • Hypoxia-inducible factors in disease pathophysiology and therapeutics (Oct 2020)
    • Latency in Infectious Disease (Jul 2020)
    • Immunotherapy in Hematological Cancers (Apr 2020)
    • Big Data's Future in Medicine (Feb 2020)
    • Mechanisms Underlying the Metabolic Syndrome (Oct 2019)
    • Reparative Immunology (Jul 2019)
    • View all review series ...
  • Viewpoint
  • Collections
    • Recently published
    • In-Press Preview
    • Commentaries
    • Concise Communication
    • Editorials
    • Viewpoint
    • Top read articles
  • Clinical Medicine
  • JCI This Month
    • Current issue
    • Past issues

  • Current issue
  • Past issues
  • Specialties
  • Reviews
  • Review series
  • Conversations with Giants in Medicine
  • Author's Takes
  • Recently published
  • In-Press Preview
  • Commentaries
  • Concise Communication
  • Editorials
  • Viewpoint
  • Top read articles
  • About
  • Editors
  • Consulting Editors
  • For authors
  • Alerts
  • Advertising/recruitment
  • Subscribe
  • Contact
Recent developments in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration
Frank G. Holz, … , Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Monika Fleckenstein
Frank G. Holz, … , Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Monika Fleckenstein
Published April 1, 2014
Citation Information: J Clin Invest. 2014;124(4):1430-1438. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI71029.
View: Text | PDF
Review

Recent developments in the treatment of age-related macular degeneration

  • Text
  • PDF
Abstract

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a common cause of visual loss in the elderly, with increasing prevalence due to increasing life expectancy. While the introduction of anti-VEGF therapy has improved outcomes, there are still major unmet needs and gaps in the understanding of underlying biological processes. These include early, intermediate, and atrophic disease stages. Recent studies have assessed therapeutic approaches addressing various disease-associated pathways, including complement inhibitors. Drug-delivery aspects are also relevant, as many agents have to be administered repeatedly. Herein, relevant pathogenetic factors and underlying mechanisms as well as recent and potential therapeutic approaches are reviewed.

Authors

Frank G. Holz, Steffen Schmitz-Valckenberg, Monika Fleckenstein

×

Figure 1

Schematic showing morphological changes in the macula during evolution of early/intermediate AMD, exudative/neovascular AMD, and GA, respectively, along with several known pathogenetic factors.

Options: View larger image (or click on image) Download as PowerPoint
Schematic showing morphological changes in the macula during evolution o...
The course of the disease, however, can vary from case to case. High-resolution SD-OCT images show typical findings of the different AMD stages. Images reproduced with permission from Investigative Ophthalmology Visual Science (85).
Follow JCI:
Copyright © 2021 American Society for Clinical Investigation
ISSN: 0021-9738 (print), 1558-8238 (online)

Sign up for email alerts