Correction

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Neural-immune interactions in health and disease.

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Perspective

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E M Sternberg

The role of interleukin 1 in acute neurodegeneration and stroke: pathophysiological and therapeutic implications.

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Perspective

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N Rothwell, S Allan, S Toulmond

Autosomal dominant hypophosphatemic rickets is linked to chromosome 12p13.

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Research Article

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M J Econs, P T McEnery, F Lennon, M C Speer

Partial interferon-gamma receptor 1 deficiency in a child with tuberculoid bacillus Calmette-Guérin infection and a sibling with clinical tuberculosis.

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Complete interferon-gamma receptor 1 (IFNgammaR1) deficiency has been identified previously as a cause of fatal bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) infection with lepromatoid granulomas, and of disseminated nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection in children who had not been inoculated with BCG. We report here a kindred with partial IFNgammaR1 deficiency: one child afflicted by disseminated BCG infection with tuberculoid granulomas, and a sibling, who had not been inoculated previously with BCG, with clinical tuberculosis. Both responded to antimicrobials and are currently well without prophylactic therapy. Impaired response to IFN-gamma was documented in B cells by signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 nuclear translocation, in fibroblasts by cell surface HLA class II induction, and in monocytes by cell surface CD64 induction and TNF-alpha secretion. Whereas cells from healthy children responded to even low IFN-gamma concentrations (10 IU/ml), and cells from a child with complete IFNgammaR1 deficiency did not respond to even high IFN-gamma concentrations (10,000 IU/ml), cells from the two siblings did not respond to low or intermediate concentrations, yet responded to high IFN-gamma concentrations. A homozygous missense IFNgR1 mutation was identified, and its pathogenic role was ascertained by molecular complementation. Thus, whereas complete IFNgammaR1 deficiency in previously identified kindreds caused fatal lepromatoid BCG infection and disseminated NTM infection, partial IFNgammaR1 deficiency in this kindred caused curable tuberculoid BCG infection and clinical tuberculosis.

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E Jouanguy, S Lamhamedi-Cherradi, F Altare, M C Fondanèche, D Tuerlinckx, S Blanche, J F Emile, J L Gaillard, R Schreiber, M Levin, A Fischer, C Hivroz, Jean-Laurent Casanova

Increased uncoupling protein-2 and -3 mRNA expression during fasting in obese and lean humans.

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Research Article

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L Millet, H Vidal, F Andreelli, D Larrouy, J P Riou, D Ricquier, M Laville, D Langin

Lovastatin and phenylacetate inhibit the induction of nitric oxide synthase and cytokines in rat primary astrocytes, microglia, and macrophages.

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Research Article

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K Pahan, F G Sheikh, A M Namboodiri, I Singh

Fatty streak formation occurs in human fetal aortas and is greatly enhanced by maternal hypercholesterolemia. Intimal accumulation of low density lipoprotein and its oxidation precede monocyte recruitment into early atherosclerotic lesions.

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C Napoli, F P D'Armiento, F P Mancini, A Postiglione, J L Witztum, G Palumbo, W Palinski

Regression of basal cell carcinoma by intralesional interferon-alpha treatment is mediated by CD95 (Apo-1/Fas)-CD95 ligand-induced suicide.

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Research Article

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S A Buechner, M Wernli, T Harr, S Hahn, P Itin, P Erb

Hepatic fibrosis, glomerulosclerosis, and a lipodystrophy-like syndrome in PEPCK-TGF-beta1 transgenic mice.

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Research Article

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D E Clouthier, S A Comerford, R E Hammer

Rat cholangiocytes absorb bile acids at their apical domain via the ileal sodium-dependent bile acid transporter.

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Research Article

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K N Lazaridis, L Pham, P Tietz, R A Marinelli, P C deGroen, S Levine, P A Dawson, N F LaRusso

Adenoviral delivery of E2F-1 directs cell cycle reentry and p53-independent apoptosis in postmitotic adult myocardium in vivo.

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Research Article

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R Agah, L A Kirshenbaum, M Abdellatif, L D Truong, S Chakraborty, L H Michael, M D Schneider

Leptin rapidly suppresses insulin release from insulinoma cells, rat and human islets and, in vivo, in mice.

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R N Kulkarni, Z L Wang, R M Wang, J D Hurley, D M Smith, M A Ghatei, D J Withers, J V Gardiner, C J Bailey, S R Bloom

Effects of subcutaneous interleukin-2 therapy on CD4 subsets and in vitro cytokine production in HIV+ subjects.

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Research Article

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P De Paoli, S Zanussi, C Simonelli, M T Bortolin, M D'Andrea, C Crepaldi, R Talamini, M Comar, M Giacca, U Tirelli

Activation of the prolactin receptor but not the growth hormone receptor is important for induction of mammary tumors in transgenic mice.

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Research Article

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H Wennbo, M Gebre-Medhin, A Gritli-Linde, C Ohlsson, O G Isaksson, J Törnell

Retrograde inflammatory signaling from neutrophils to endothelial cells by soluble interleukin-6 receptor alpha.

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Research Article

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V Modur, Y Li, G A Zimmerman, S M Prescott, T M McIntyre

CD40-activated human B cells: an alternative source of highly efficient antigen presenting cells to generate autologous antigen-specific T cells for adoptive immunotherapy.

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Research Article

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J L Schultze, S Michalak, M J Seamon, G Dranoff, K Jung, J Daley, J C Delgado, J G Gribben, L M Nadler

Therapeutic effects of interleukin-4 gene transfer in experimental inflammatory bowel disease.

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Research Article

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C M Hogaboam, B A Vallance, A Kumar, C L Addison, F L Graham, J Gauldie, S M Collins

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha contributes to obesity-related hyperleptinemia by regulating leptin release from adipocytes.

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Research Article

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T G Kirchgessner, K T Uysal, S M Wiesbrock, M W Marino, G S Hotamisligil

Antibody and T cell responses of patients with adenocarcinoma immunized with mannan-MUC1 fusion protein.

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Research Article

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V Karanikas, L A Hwang, J Pearson, C S Ong, V Apostolopoulos, H Vaughan, P X Xing, G Jamieson, G Pietersz, B Tait, R Broadbent, G Thynne, I F McKenzie

Importance of endothelium-derived hyperpolarizing factor in human arteries.

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Research Article

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L Urakami-Harasawa, H Shimokawa, M Nakashima, K Egashira, A Takeshita

Platelet-derived growth factor and fibroblast growth factor differentially regulate interleukin 1beta- and cAMP-induced nitric oxide synthase expression in rat renal mesangial cells.

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Research Article

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D Kunz, G Walker, W Eberhardt, U K Messmer, A Huwiler, J Pfeilschifter

Excessive inflammatory response of cystic fibrosis mice to bronchopulmonary infection with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

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Research Article

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A Heeckeren, R Walenga, M W Konstan, T Bonfield, P B Davis, T Ferkol

Possible role of P-450 metabolite of arachidonic acid in vasodilator mechanism of angiotensin II type 2 receptor in the isolated microperfused rabbit afferent arteriole.

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Research Article

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S Arima, Y Endo, H Yaoita, K Omata, S Ogawa, K Tsunoda, M Abe, K Takeuchi, K Abe, S Ito

Inhibition of rat vascular smooth muscle proliferation in vitro and in vivo by bone morphogenetic protein-2.

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Research Article

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T Nakaoka, K Gonda, T Ogita, Y Otawara-Hamamoto, F Okabe, Y Kira, K Harii, K Miyazono, Y Takuwa, T Fujita

Deficiency of phosphofructo-1-kinase/muscle subtype in humans impairs insulin secretion and causes insulin resistance.

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Research Article

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M Ristow, M Vorgerd, M Möhlig, H Schatz, A Pfeiffer

Vitamin C crosses the blood-brain barrier in the oxidized form through the glucose transporters.

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D B Agus, S S Gambhir, W M Pardridge, C Spielholz, J Baselga, J C Vera, D W Golde

Inosine binds to A3 adenosine receptors and stimulates mast cell degranulation.

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Research Article

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X Jin, R K Shepherd, B R Duling, J Linden

Direct effects of leptin on brown and white adipose tissue.

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C A Siegrist-Kaiser, V Pauli, C E Juge-Aubry, O Boss, A Pernin, W W Chin, I Cusin, F Rohner-Jeanrenaud, A G Burger, J Zapf, C A Meier

Pharmacologic control of a humanized gene therapy system implanted into nude mice.

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Research Article

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S R Magari, V M Rivera, J D Iuliucci, M Gilman, F Cerasoli Jr

MxA overexpression reveals a common genetic link in four Fanconi anemia complementation groups.

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Y Li, H Youssoufian

Hypoxia increases human keratinocyte motility on connective tissue.

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E A O'Toole, M P Marinkovich, C L Peavey, M R Amieva, H Furthmayr, T A Mustoe, D T Woodley

Regulation of exogenous and endogenous glucose metabolism by insulin and acetoacetate in the isolated working rat heart. A three tracer study of glycolysis, glycogen metabolism, and glucose oxidation.

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Research Article

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R R Russell 3rd, G W Cline, P H Guthrie, G W Goodwin, G I Shulman, H Taegtmeyer

Troglitazone action is independent of adipose tissue.

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C F Burant, S Sreenan, K Hirano, T A Tai, J Lohmiller, J Lukens, N O Davidson, S Ross, R A Graves

Impaired flow-induced dilation in mesenteric resistance arteries from mice lacking vimentin.

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D Henrion, F Terzi, K Matrougui, M Duriez, C M Boulanger, E Colucci-Guyon, C Babinet, P Briand, G Friedlander, P Poitevin, B I Lévy

Impaired secretion of very low density lipoprotein-triglycerides by apolipoprotein E- deficient mouse hepatocytes.

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F Kuipers, M C Jong, Y Lin, M Eck, R Havinga, V Bloks, H J Verkade, M H Hofker, H Moshage, T J Berkel, R J Vonk, L M Havekes

Liver sinusoidal endothelial cells are responsible for nitric oxide modulation of resistance in the hepatic sinusoids.

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Research Article

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V Shah, F G Haddad, G Garcia-Cardena, J A Frangos, A Mennone, R J Groszmann, W C Sessa