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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI4174

Structural and functional consequences of alveolar cell recognition by CD8(+) T lymphocytes in experimental lung disease.

R I Enelow, A Z Mohammed, M H Stoler, A N Liu, J S Young, Y H Lou, and T J Braciale

The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

Find articles by Enelow, R. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

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The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

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The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

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The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

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The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

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The, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. enelow@virginia.edu

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Published November 1, 1998 - More info

Published in Volume 102, Issue 9 on November 1, 1998
J Clin Invest. 1998;102(9):1653–1661. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI4174.
© 1998 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published November 1, 1998 - Version history
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Abstract

CD8(+) T cells infiltrate the lung in many clinical conditions, particularly in interstitial lung disease. The role(s) that CD8(+) T cells might be playing in the pathogenesis of inflammatory lung disease is unclear at present, as is the direct contribution of CD8(+) T cell effector activities to lung injury. This report describes a transgenic model used to evaluate the impact, on respiratory structure and function, of CD8(+) T lymphocyte recognition of a target antigen expressed endogenously in alveolar epithelial cells. We found that adoptive transfer of cloned CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) specific for an alveolar neo-antigen (influenza hemagglutinin) leads to progressive lethal injury in transgenic mice, which dramatically affects lung structure and function. Transgenic recipients of CD8(+) CTLs exhibited tachypnea and progressive weight loss, becoming moribund over a period of several days. Concomitantly, the animals developed a progressive interstitial pneumonitis characterized initially by lymphocytic infiltration of alveolar walls and spaces, followed by an exuberant mononuclear cell infiltration that correlated with restrictive pulmonary mechanics and a progressive diffusion impairment. These results indicate that antigen-specific CD8(+) T cell recognition of an alveolar epithelial "autoantigen" is, in and of itself, sufficient to trigger an inflammatory cascade that results in the histological and physiological manifestations of interstitial pneumonia.

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