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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI117935

Glucose modulates rat substantia nigra GABA release in vivo via ATP-sensitive potassium channels.

M J During, P Leone, K E Davis, D Kerr, and R S Sherwin

Molecular Pharmacology and Neurogenetics Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8039, USA.

Find articles by During, M. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Molecular Pharmacology and Neurogenetics Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8039, USA.

Find articles by Leone, P. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Molecular Pharmacology and Neurogenetics Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8039, USA.

Find articles by Davis, K. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Molecular Pharmacology and Neurogenetics Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8039, USA.

Find articles by Kerr, D. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Molecular Pharmacology and Neurogenetics Laboratory, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8039, USA.

Find articles by Sherwin, R. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Published May 1, 1995 - More info

Published in Volume 95, Issue 5 on May 1, 1995
J Clin Invest. 1995;95(5):2403–2408. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI117935.
© 1995 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published May 1, 1995 - Version history
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Abstract

Glucose modulates beta cell insulin secretion via effects on ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. To test the hypothesis that glucose exerts a similar effect on neuronal function, local glucose availability was varied in awake rats using microdialysis in the substantia nigra, the brain region with the highest density of KATP channels. 10 mM glucose perfusion increased GABA release by 111 +/- 42%, whereas the sulfonylurea, glipizide, increased GABA release by 84 +/- 20%. In contrast, perfusion of the KATP channel activator, lemakalim, or depletion of ATP by perfusion of 2-deoxyglucose with oligomycin inhibited GABA release by 44 +/- 8 and 45 +/- 11%, respectively. Moreover, the inhibition of GABA release by 2-deoxyglucose and oligomycin was blocked by glipizide. During systemic insulin-induced hypoglycemia (1.8 +/- 0.3 mM), nigral dialysate GABA concentrations decreased by 49 +/- 4% whereas levels of dopamine in striatal dialysates increased by 119 +/- 18%. We conclude that both local and systemic glucose availability influences nigral GABA release via an effect on KATP channels and that inhibition of GABA release may in part mediate the hyperexcitability associated with hypoglycemia. These data support the hypothesis that glucose acts as a signaling molecule, and not simply as an energy-yielding fuel, for neurons.

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