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Research Article Free access | 10.1172/JCI116491

Hypercholesterolemia increases endothelial superoxide anion production.

Y Ohara, T E Peterson, and D G Harrison

Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.

Find articles by Ohara, Y. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.

Find articles by Peterson, T. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Division of Cardiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322.

Find articles by Harrison, D. in: PubMed | Google Scholar

Published June 1, 1993 - More info

Published in Volume 91, Issue 6 on June 1, 1993
J Clin Invest. 1993;91(6):2546–2551. https://doi.org/10.1172/JCI116491.
© 1993 The American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published June 1, 1993 - Version history
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Abstract

Indirect evidence suggests accelerated degradation of endothelium-derived nitric oxide (ENDO) by superoxide anion (O2-) in hypercholesterolemic vessels (HV). To directly measure O2- production by normal vessels (NV) and HV, we used an assay for O2- based on the chemiluminescence (CL) of lucigenin (L). HV (1 mo cholesterol-fed rabbits) produced threefold more O2- than NV (1.47 +/- 0.20 nM/mg tissue/min, n = 7 vs. 0.52 +/- 0.05 nmol/mg tissue/min, n = 8, P < 0.001). Endothelial removal increased O2- production in NV (0.73 +/- 0.08, n = 6, P < 0.05), while decreasing it in HV (0.76 +/- 0.15, n = 5, P < 0.05). There was no difference between denuded HV and denuded NV. Oxypurinol, a noncompetitive inhibitor of xanthine oxidase, normalized O2- production in HV, but had no effect in NV. In separate isometric tension studies treatment with oxypurinol improved acetylcholine induced relaxations in HV, while having no effect on responses in normal vessels. Oxypurinol did not alter relaxations to nitroprusside. Thus, the endothelium is a source of O2- in hypercholesterolemia probably via xanthine oxidase activation. Increased endothelial O2- production in HV may inactivate endothelium-derived nitric oxide and provide a source for other oxygen radicals, contributing to the early atherosclerotic process.

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