Effect of GFAT antisense oligonucleotides on GFAT expression. Cells were incubated with either 5 mM glucose, 30 mM glucose, 30 mM glucose plus antisense, inverse, or scrambled oligonucleotides for GFAT, or 30 mM glucose after infection with adenoviral vectors expressing either UCP-1 or MnSOD; then Western blots for GFAT were performed as described in Methods. (a) Representative Western blot. (b) GFAT expression (relative densitometric means of 4 blots). *P < 0.01 compared with cells incubated in 5 mM glucose.