A role of the adaptive immune system in glucose homeostasis
LL Bronsart, CH Contag - BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 2016 - drc.bmj.com
LL Bronsart, CH Contag
BMJ Open Diabetes Research and Care, 2016•drc.bmj.comObjective The immune system, including the adaptive immune response, has recently been
recognized as having a significant role in diet-induced insulin resistance. In this study, we
aimed to determine if the adaptive immune system also functions in maintaining
physiological glucose homeostasis in the absence of diet-induced disease. Research
design and methods SCID mice and immunocompetent control animals were phenotypically
assessed for variations in metabolic parameters and cytokine profiles. Additionally, the …
recognized as having a significant role in diet-induced insulin resistance. In this study, we
aimed to determine if the adaptive immune system also functions in maintaining
physiological glucose homeostasis in the absence of diet-induced disease. Research
design and methods SCID mice and immunocompetent control animals were phenotypically
assessed for variations in metabolic parameters and cytokine profiles. Additionally, the …
Objective
The immune system, including the adaptive immune response, has recently been recognized as having a significant role in diet-induced insulin resistance. In this study, we aimed to determine if the adaptive immune system also functions in maintaining physiological glucose homeostasis in the absence of diet-induced disease.
Research design and methods
SCID mice and immunocompetent control animals were phenotypically assessed for variations in metabolic parameters and cytokine profiles. Additionally, the glucose tolerance of SCID and immunocompetent control animals was assessed following introduction of a high-fat diet.
Results
SCID mice on a normal chow diet were significantly insulin resistant relative to control animals despite having less fat mass. This was associated with a significant increase in the innate immunity-stimulating cytokines granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1), and MCP3. Additionally, the SCID mouse phenotype was exacerbated in response to a high-fat diet as evidenced by the further significant progression of glucose intolerance.
Conclusions
These results support the notion that the adaptive immune system plays a fundamental biological role in glucose homeostasis, and that the absence of functional B and T cells results in disruption in the concentrations of various cytokines associated with macrophage proliferation and recruitment. Additionally, the absence of functional B and T cells is not protective against diet-induced pathology.
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