SGLT2 inhibitors: physiology and pharmacology

EM Wright - Kidney360, 2021 - journals.lww.com
SGLTs are sodium glucose transporters found on the luminal membrane of the proximal
tubule, where they reabsorb some 180 g (1 mol) of glucose from the glomerular filtrate each
day. The natural glucoside phlorizin completely blocks glucose reabsorption. Oral SGLT2
inhibitors are rapidly absorbed into the blood stream, where theyremain in the circulation for
hours. On glomerular filtration, they bind specifically to SGLT2 in the luminal membrane of
the early proximal tubule to reduce glucose reabsorption by 50%–60%. Because of glucose …