Antiphosphatidylserine immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies are higher in vivax than falciparum malaria, and associated with early anemia in both …
The Journal of infectious diseases, 2019•academic.oup.com
Background Anemia is a major complication of vivax malaria. Antiphosphatidylserine (PS)
antibodies generated during falciparum malaria mediate phagocytosis of uninfected red
blood cells that expose PS and have been linked to late malarial anemia. However, their
role in anemia from non-falciparum Plasmodium species is not known, nor their role in early
anemia from falciparum malaria. Methods We measured PS immunoglobulin G (IgG) and
immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in Malaysian patients with vivax, falciparum, knowlesi …
antibodies generated during falciparum malaria mediate phagocytosis of uninfected red
blood cells that expose PS and have been linked to late malarial anemia. However, their
role in anemia from non-falciparum Plasmodium species is not known, nor their role in early
anemia from falciparum malaria. Methods We measured PS immunoglobulin G (IgG) and
immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in Malaysian patients with vivax, falciparum, knowlesi …
Background
Anemia is a major complication of vivax malaria. Antiphosphatidylserine (PS) antibodies generated during falciparum malaria mediate phagocytosis of uninfected red blood cells that expose PS and have been linked to late malarial anemia. However, their role in anemia from non-falciparum Plasmodium species is not known, nor their role in early anemia from falciparum malaria.
Methods
We measured PS immunoglobulin G (IgG) and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies in Malaysian patients with vivax, falciparum, knowlesi, and malariae malaria, and in healthy controls, and correlated antibody titres with hemoglobin. PS antibodies were also measured in volunteers experimentally infected with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum.
Results
PS IgM and IgG antibodies were elevated in patients with vivax, falciparum, knowlesi, and malariae malaria (P < .0001 for all comparisons with controls) and were highest in vivax malaria. In vivax and falciparum malaria, PS IgM and IgG on admission correlated inversely with admission and nadir hemoglobin, controlling for parasitemia and fever duration. PS IgM and IgG were also increased in volunteers infected with blood-stage P. vivax and P. falciparum, and were higher in P. vivax infection.
Conclusions
PS antibodies are higher in vivax than falciparum malaria, correlate inversely with hemoglobin, and may contribute to the early loss of uninfected red blood cells found in malarial anemia from both species.
Oxford University Press