[HTML][HTML] Immunotherapy during the acute SHIV infection of macaques confers long-term suppression of viremia

Y Nishimura, OK Donau, J Dias… - Journal of Experimental …, 2021 - rupress.org
Y Nishimura, OK Donau, J Dias, S Ferrando-Martinez, E Jesteadt, R Sadjadpour, R Gautam…
Journal of Experimental Medicine, 2021rupress.org
We report that combination bNAb immunotherapy initiated on day 3 post-infection (PI)
maintained durable CD8+ T cell–mediated suppression of SHIV AD8 viremia and
preinoculation levels of CD4+ T cells in 9 of 13 treated monkeys during nearly 6 yr of
observation, as assessed by successive CD8+ T cell–depletion experiments. In an
extension of that study, two treatment interventions (bNAbs alone or cART plus bNAbs)
beginning on week 2 PI were conducted and conferred controller status to 7 of 12 monkeys …
We report that combination bNAb immunotherapy initiated on day 3 post-infection (PI) maintained durable CD8+ T cell–mediated suppression of SHIV AD8 viremia and preinoculation levels of CD4+ T cells in 9 of 13 treated monkeys during nearly 6 yr of observation, as assessed by successive CD8+ T cell–depletion experiments. In an extension of that study, two treatment interventions (bNAbs alone or cART plus bNAbs) beginning on week 2 PI were conducted and conferred controller status to 7 of 12 monkeys that was also dependent on control mediated by CD8+ cells. However, the median time to suppression of plasma viremia following intervention on week 2 was markedly delayed (85 wk) compared with combination bNAb immunotherapy initiated on day 3 (39 wk). In both cases, the principal correlate of virus control was the induction of CD8+ T cellular immunity.
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