Background Studies in rodents provide compelling evidence that microorganisms inhabiting
the gut influence neurodevelopment. In particular, experimental manipulations that alter
intestinal microbiota impact exploratory and communicative behaviors and cognitive
performance. In humans, the first years of life are a dynamic time in gut colonization and
brain development, but little is known about the relationship between these two processes.
Methods We tested whether microbial composition at 1 year of age is associated with …