TH2 cell development and function

JA Walker, ANJ McKenzie - Nature Reviews Immunology, 2018 - nature.com
JA Walker, ANJ McKenzie
Nature Reviews Immunology, 2018nature.com
Abstract T helper 2 (TH 2) cells orchestrate protective type 2 immune responses, such as
those that target helminths and facilitate tissue repair, but also contribute to chronic
inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and allergy. Here, we review recent insights into
how diverse molecular signals from cellular sources, including dendritic cells, innate
lymphoid cells and the epithelium, are integrated by T cells to guide the transcriptional and
epigenetic changes necessary for TH 2 cell differentiation. Our improved understanding of …
Abstract
T helper 2 (T H 2) cells orchestrate protective type 2 immune responses, such as those that target helminths and facilitate tissue repair, but also contribute to chronic inflammatory diseases, such as asthma and allergy. Here, we review recent insights into how diverse molecular signals from cellular sources, including dendritic cells, innate lymphoid cells and the epithelium, are integrated by T cells to guide the transcriptional and epigenetic changes necessary for T H 2 cell differentiation. Our improved understanding of these pathways has opened new avenues for therapeutically targeting T H 2 cells in asthma and allergy. The advent of comprehensive single-cell transcriptomics along with improvements in single-cell proteomics and the generation of novel in vivo cell fate mapping techniques promise to expand our understanding of T cell diversity and offer new insight into disease-related heterogeneity and plasticity of T H cell responses.
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