A pivotal metabolic function of insulin is the stimulation of glucose uptake into muscle and
adipose tissues. The discovery of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter type 4 (GLUT4)
protein in 1988 inspired its molecular cloning in the following year. It also spurred numerous
cellular mechanistic studies laying the foundations for how insulin regulates glucose uptake
by muscle and fat cells. Here, we reflect on the importance of the GLUT4 discovery and
chronicle additional key findings made in the past 30 years. That exocytosis of a …