Immune contexture, immunoscore, and malignant cell molecular subgroups for prognostic and theranostic classifications of cancers

E Becht, NA Giraldo, C Germain, A de Reyniès… - Advances in …, 2016 - Elsevier
The outcome of tumors results from genetic and epigenetic modifications of the transformed
cells and also from the interactions of the malignant cells with their tumor microenvironment
(TME), which includes immune and inflammatory cells. For a given cancer type, the
composition of the immunological TME is not homogeneous. Heterogeneity is found
between different cancer types and also between tumors from patients with the same type of
cancer. Some tumors exhibit a poor infiltration by immune cells, and others are highly …