Geographic variation in the prevalence of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: the sunny perspective

M Arns, KB Van Der Heijden, LE Arnold… - Biological …, 2013 - Elsevier
Background Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is the most common psychiatric
disorder of childhood, with average worldwide prevalence of 5.3%, varying by region.
Methods We assessed the relationship between the prevalence of ADHD and solar intensity
(SI)(kilowatt hours/square meters/day) on the basis of multinational and cross-state studies.
Prevalence data for the US were based on self-report of professional diagnoses; prevalence
data for the other countries were based on diagnostic assessment. The SI data were …