Refractory airway type 2 inflammation in a large subgroup of asthmatic patients treated with inhaled corticosteroids
Background Airway type 2 inflammation is usually corticosteroid sensitive, but the role of
type 2 inflammation as a mechanism of asthma in patients receiving high-dose inhaled
corticosteroids (ICSs) is uncertain. Objective We sought to determine whether airway type 2
inflammation persists in patients treated with ICSs and to evaluate the clinical features of
patients with steroid-resistant airway type 2 inflammation. Methods We used quantitative
PCR to generate a composite metric of type 2 cytokine gene expression (type 2 gene mean …
type 2 inflammation as a mechanism of asthma in patients receiving high-dose inhaled
corticosteroids (ICSs) is uncertain. Objective We sought to determine whether airway type 2
inflammation persists in patients treated with ICSs and to evaluate the clinical features of
patients with steroid-resistant airway type 2 inflammation. Methods We used quantitative
PCR to generate a composite metric of type 2 cytokine gene expression (type 2 gene mean …