Toll-like receptor ligands modulate dendritic cells to augment cytomegalovirus-and HIV-1-specific T cell responses

K Loré, MR Betts, JM Brenchley, J Kuruppu… - The Journal of …, 2003 - journals.aai.org
K Loré, MR Betts, JM Brenchley, J Kuruppu, S Khojasteh, S Perfetto, M Roederer, RA Seder…
The Journal of Immunology, 2003journals.aai.org
Optimal Ag targeting and activation of APCs, especially dendritic cells (DCs), are important
in vaccine development. In this study, we report the effects of different Toll-like receptor
(TLR)-binding compounds to enhance immune responses induced by human APCs,
including CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs), CD11c+ myeloid DCs (MDCs), monocytes,
and B cells. PDCs, which express TLR7 and TLR9, responded to imidazoquinolines
(imiquimod and R-848) and to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides stimulation, resulting in …
Abstract
Optimal Ag targeting and activation of APCs, especially dendritic cells (DCs), are important in vaccine development. In this study, we report the effects of different Toll-like receptor (TLR)-binding compounds to enhance immune responses induced by human APCs, including CD123+ plasmacytoid DCs (PDCs), CD11c+ myeloid DCs (MDCs), monocytes, and B cells. PDCs, which express TLR7 and TLR9, responded to imidazoquinolines (imiquimod and R-848) and to CpG oligodeoxynucleotides stimulation, resulting in enhancement in expression of costimulatory molecules and induction of IFN-α and IL-12p70. In contrast, MDCs, which express TLR3, TLR4, and TLR7, responded to poly (I: C), LPS, and imidazoquinolines with phenotypic maturation and high production of IL-12 p70 without producing detectable IFN-α. Optimally TLR ligand-stimulated PDCs or MDCs exposed to CMV or HIV-1 Ags enhanced autologous CMV-and HIV-1-specific memory T cell responses as measured by effector cytokine production compared with TLR ligand-activated monocytes and B cells or unstimulated PDCs and MDCs. Together, these data show that targeting specific DC subsets using TLR ligands can enhance their ability to activate virus-specific T cells, providing information for the rational design of TLR ligands as adjuvants for vaccines or immune modulating therapy.
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