Recent advances in inflammasome biology
DE Place, TD Kanneganti - Current opinion in immunology, 2018 - Elsevier
Current opinion in immunology, 2018•Elsevier
Highlights•The NLRP3, NLRC4, and pyrin inflammasomes are regulated by post-
translational modifications.•The Dhx9-NLRP9b inflammasome recognizing viral dsRNA was
recently identified in intestinal cells.•Gasdermin family proteins are cleaved by caspases to
form pores in cells and execute cell death.The inflammasome is a complex of proteins that
through the activity of caspase-1 and the downstream substrates gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-
18 execute an inflammatory form of cell death termed pyroptosis. Activation of this complex …
translational modifications.•The Dhx9-NLRP9b inflammasome recognizing viral dsRNA was
recently identified in intestinal cells.•Gasdermin family proteins are cleaved by caspases to
form pores in cells and execute cell death.The inflammasome is a complex of proteins that
through the activity of caspase-1 and the downstream substrates gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-
18 execute an inflammatory form of cell death termed pyroptosis. Activation of this complex …
Highlights
- The NLRP3, NLRC4, and pyrin inflammasomes are regulated by post-translational modifications.
- The Dhx9-NLRP9b inflammasome recognizing viral dsRNA was recently identified in intestinal cells.
- Gasdermin family proteins are cleaved by caspases to form pores in cells and execute cell death.
The inflammasome is a complex of proteins that through the activity of caspase-1 and the downstream substrates gasdermin D, IL-1β, and IL-18 execute an inflammatory form of cell death termed pyroptosis. Activation of this complex often involves the adaptor protein ASC and upstream sensors including NLRP1, NLRP3, NLRC4, AIM2, and pyrin, which are activated by different stimuli including infectious agents and changes in cell homeostasis. Here we discuss new regulatory mechanisms that have been identified for the canonical inflammasomes, the most recently identified NLRP9b inflammasome, and the new gasdermin family of proteins that mediate pyroptosis and other forms of regulated cell death.
Elsevier