Lower Antibody Levels to Staphylococcus aureus Exotoxins Are Associated With Sepsis in Hospitalized Adults With Invasive S. aureus Infections
RP Adhikari, AO Ajao, MJ Aman… - The Journal of …, 2012 - academic.oup.com
RP Adhikari, AO Ajao, MJ Aman, H Karauzum, J Sarwar, AD Lydecker, JK Johnson…
The Journal of infectious diseases, 2012•academic.oup.comBackground. Staphylococcus aureus has numerous virulence factors, including exotoxins
that may increase the severity of infection. This study was aimed at assessing whether
preexisting antibodies to S. aureus toxins are associated with a lower risk of sepsis in adults
with S. aureus infection complicated by bacteremia. Methods. We prospectively identified
adults with S. aureus infection from 4 hospitals in Baltimore, MD, in 2009–2011. We
obtained serum samples from prior to or at presentation of S. aureus bacteremia to measure …
that may increase the severity of infection. This study was aimed at assessing whether
preexisting antibodies to S. aureus toxins are associated with a lower risk of sepsis in adults
with S. aureus infection complicated by bacteremia. Methods. We prospectively identified
adults with S. aureus infection from 4 hospitals in Baltimore, MD, in 2009–2011. We
obtained serum samples from prior to or at presentation of S. aureus bacteremia to measure …
Abstract
Background. Staphylococcus aureus has numerous virulence factors, including exotoxins that may increase the severity of infection. This study was aimed at assessing whether preexisting antibodies to S. aureus toxins are associated with a lower risk of sepsis in adults with S. aureus infection complicated by bacteremia.
Methods. We prospectively identified adults with S. aureus infection from 4 hospitals in Baltimore, MD, in 2009–2011. We obtained serum samples from prior to or at presentation of S. aureus bacteremia to measure total immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgG antibody levels to 11 S. aureus exotoxins. Bacterial isolates were tested for the genes encoding S. aureus exotoxins using polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
Results. One hundred eligible subjects were included and 27 of them developed sepsis. When adjusted for total IgG levels and stratified for the presence of toxin in the infecting isolate as appropriate, the risk of sepsis was significantly lower in those patients with higher levels of IgG against α-hemolysin (Hla), δ-hemolysin (Hld), Panton Valentine leukocidin (PVL), staphylococcal enterotoxin C-1 (SEC-1), and phenol-soluble modulin α3 (PSM-α3).
Conclusions. Our results suggest that higher antibody levels against Hla, Hld, PVL, SEC-1, and PSM-α3 may protect against sepsis in patients with invasive S. aureus infections.
Oxford University Press