[HTML][HTML] CTLA-4 and PD-1 pathways: similarities, differences, and implications of their inhibition
EI Buchbinder, A Desai - American journal of clinical oncology, 2016 - journals.lww.com
The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1)
immune checkpoints are negative regulators of T-cell immune function. Inhibition of these
targets, resulting in increased activation of the immune system, has led to new
immunotherapies for melanoma, non–small cell lung cancer, and other cancers. Ipilimumab,
an inhibitor of CTLA-4, is approved for the treatment of advanced or unresectable
melanoma. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both PD-1 inhibitors, are approved to treat …
immune checkpoints are negative regulators of T-cell immune function. Inhibition of these
targets, resulting in increased activation of the immune system, has led to new
immunotherapies for melanoma, non–small cell lung cancer, and other cancers. Ipilimumab,
an inhibitor of CTLA-4, is approved for the treatment of advanced or unresectable
melanoma. Nivolumab and pembrolizumab, both PD-1 inhibitors, are approved to treat …