A foundation for universal T-cell based immunotherapy: T cells engineered to express a CD19-specific chimeric-antigen-receptor and eliminate expression of …

H Torikai, A Reik, PQ Liu, Y Zhou… - Blood, The Journal …, 2012 - ashpublications.org
H Torikai, A Reik, PQ Liu, Y Zhou, L Zhang, S Maiti, H Huls, JC Miller, P Kebriaei…
Blood, The Journal of the American Society of Hematology, 2012ashpublications.org
Clinical-grade T cells are genetically modified ex vivo to express a chimeric antigen receptor
(CAR) to redirect specificity to a tumor associated antigen (TAA) thereby conferring antitumor
activity in vivo. T cells expressing a CD19-specific CAR recognize B-cell malignancies in
multiple recipients independent of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) because the
specificity domains are cloned from the variable chains of a CD19 monoclonal antibody. We
now report a major step toward eliminating the need to generate patient-specific T cells by …
Abstract
Clinical-grade T cells are genetically modified ex vivo to express a chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) to redirect specificity to a tumor associated antigen (TAA) thereby conferring antitumor activity in vivo. T cells expressing a CD19-specific CAR recognize B-cell malignancies in multiple recipients independent of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) because the specificity domains are cloned from the variable chains of a CD19 monoclonal antibody. We now report a major step toward eliminating the need to generate patient-specific T cells by generating universal allogeneic TAA-specific T cells from one donor that might be administered to multiple recipients. This was achieved by genetically editing CD19-specific CAR+ T cells to eliminate expression of the endogenous αβ T-cell receptor (TCR) to prevent a graft-versus-host response without compromising CAR-dependent effector functions. Genetically modified T cells were generated using the Sleeping Beauty system to stably introduce the CD19-specific CAR with subsequent permanent deletion of α or β TCR chains with designer zinc finger nucleases. We show that these engineered T cells display the expected property of having redirected specificity for CD19 without responding to TCR stimulation. CAR+TCRneg T cells of this type may potentially have efficacy as an off-the-shelf therapy for investigational treatment of B-lineage malignancies.
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