cGAS‐cGAMP‐STING: the three musketeers of cytosolic DNA sensing and signaling
Innate immunity is the first line of host defense against invading pathogens. The detection of
aberrant nucleic acids which represent some conserved PAMPs triggers robust type I IFN‐
mediated innate immune responses. Host‐or pathogen‐derived cytosolic DNA binds and
activates the DNA sensor cGAS, which synthesizes the second messenger 2′ 3′‐cGAMP
and triggers STING‐dependent downstream signaling. Here, we highlight recent progress in
cGAS‐cGAMP‐STING, the Three Musketeers of cytosolic DNA sensing and signaling, and …
aberrant nucleic acids which represent some conserved PAMPs triggers robust type I IFN‐
mediated innate immune responses. Host‐or pathogen‐derived cytosolic DNA binds and
activates the DNA sensor cGAS, which synthesizes the second messenger 2′ 3′‐cGAMP
and triggers STING‐dependent downstream signaling. Here, we highlight recent progress in
cGAS‐cGAMP‐STING, the Three Musketeers of cytosolic DNA sensing and signaling, and …
Abstract
Innate immunity is the first line of host defense against invading pathogens. The detection of aberrant nucleic acids which represent some conserved PAMPs triggers robust type I IFN‐mediated innate immune responses. Host‐ or pathogen‐derived cytosolic DNA binds and activates the DNA sensor cGAS, which synthesizes the second messenger 2′3′‐cGAMP and triggers STING‐dependent downstream signaling. Here, we highlight recent progress in cGAS‐cGAMP‐STING, the Three Musketeers of cytosolic DNA sensing and signaling, and their essential roles in infection, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. We also focus on the regulation of these critical signal components by variant host/pathogen proteins and update our understanding of this indispensable pathway to provide new insights for drug discovery. © 2016 IUBMB Life, 68(11):858–870, 2016
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