Anti-oxidative, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory actions by thioredoxin 1 and thioredoxin-binding protein-2

R Watanabe, H Nakamura, H Masutani… - Pharmacology & …, 2010 - Elsevier
R Watanabe, H Nakamura, H Masutani, J Yodoi
Pharmacology & therapeutics, 2010Elsevier
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx 1) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site–Cys–Gly–
Pro–Cys–that is ubiquitously present in the human body. Trx 1 is a defensive protein
induced by various stresses and has anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory
effects. The anti-oxidative effect of Trx 1 is mediated by the dithiol–disulfide exchange in the
active site. Trx 1 is able to interact with certain molecules, one of which is thioredoxin-
binding protein-2 (TBP-2)/Vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1)/thioredoxin interacting …
Thioredoxin 1 (Trx 1) is a 12-kDa protein with redox-active dithiol in the active site –Cys–Gly–Pro–Cys– that is ubiquitously present in the human body. Trx 1 is a defensive protein induced by various stresses and has anti-oxidative, anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects. The anti-oxidative effect of Trx 1 is mediated by the dithiol–disulfide exchange in the active site. Trx 1 is able to interact with certain molecules, one of which is thioredoxin-binding protein-2 (TBP-2)/Vitamin D3 upregulated protein 1 (VDUP1)/thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP). TBP-2 was originally identified as a negative regulator of Trx 1 and acts as a cell growth suppressor and a regulator in lipid/glucose metabolism. Trx 1 and TBP-2 play crucial roles in pathophysiological mechanisms in metabolic disorders, cancer and inflammation. Here we discuss pharmacological aspects of Trx 1 and TBP-2 in these diseases and propose potential therapeutic approaches for intractable oxidative stress-related disorders.
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